试论李清照词中的花草意象——兼论李清照词创作的低俗倾向  

On the Images of Flowers and Plants in Li Qing-zhao's Ci Poems——Concurrently Study on the Low and Vulgar Tendency in Her Writing

作　　者：彭国忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中文系,上海200062

出　　处：《中国文学研究》2011年第1期52-55,60,共5页Research of Chinese Literature

基　　金：上海市重点学科建设项目(B404)成果

摘　　要：李清照词中,出现较多的花草意象,主要有梅花、菊花、荷花、桂花、海棠、梨花、芭蕉,以及笼统的花。李清照首先突出的是花草作为物的形象、特性,而不是种种象征、寓意;她的成功之处是在真实反映花草自然物性的基础上,由某一点伸发开去,将词笔引向自己要表达的意思或要抒发的情感。艺术上,咏物词中的花草意象,多运用对比、衬托、比喻等手法,并较多使用典故;而非咏物词中的花草意象,则多用白描手法,为花草摹形传神,为词人传情达意。但是,李清照词中的花草意象,有些没有寄托,有些物与情呈分离状态;或者不用典,或者堆砌典故,而以熟典、俗典为主;她所使用的对比、衬托、比喻等手法,也具有庸俗的倾向。从花草意象及咏物词的角度看,李清照的创作未能实践其理论主张。There are many images of flowers and plants in Li Qing-zhao＇ s Ci poems, such as plum blossoms, chrysanthemums, lotus, osmanthus flowers, Chinese flowering crab-apples, pear flowers, plantains, and not-named flowers. What she de scribed firstly was their figures and characteristics, but not their implied meanings. After describing exactly their natural qualities, she used to grasping one of them to express her feelings or thoughts. She used more contrast and metaphor and allusions, or providing a background to depict the images in her Ci poems describing objects. And in her other Ci poems, she sketched them. However, some images of flowers and plants had any implication, some differed feelings from objects, some did not use allusions, some piled up too familiar allusions. The contrast and metaphor used in her works showed a low and vulgar tendency. From the view of images of flowers and plants, Li Qing-zhao had not put her theories about Ci poems into her practice.

关 键 词：李清照 花草意象 自然属性 情感 白描 典故 低俗 

分 类 号：I207.33[文学—中国文学]