水稻氮磷肥料减施途径研究  

The Study on the Application of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Reduction on Rice

作　　者：侯红乾[1] 刘秀梅[1] 刘光荣[1] 黄永兰[1] 杨俊诚[2] 文石林[3] 邵彩虹[1] 程正新[4] 

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所,江西南昌330200 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [3]中国农业科学院衡阳红壤实验站,湖南祁阳426182 [4]江西省农业科学院农业应用微生物研究所,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《土壤通报》2011年第1期123-127,共5页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家“973”计划课题(2007CB109308);国家科技支撑计划课题(2007BAD87B08);“十一五”科技支撑计划“南方丘陵岗地红黄壤区沃土技术模式研究与示范”(2006BAD25B08);江西省农科院创新基金项目资助

摘　　要：通过大田双季稻轮作试验,研究了在农民习惯施肥的基础上,不同减少氮磷肥料用量的施肥措施对水稻生长、产量的影响。减施氮肥处理结果表明:比农民习惯施肥减施20%氮肥的条件下,施用缓释肥料(80R)产量最高,比传统不减少施氮处理(CFN)增产0.4%,比等养分量纯化肥处理(80F)增产6.0%;用有机肥和化肥配施的处理(30F+50M)比80F增产1.9%;绿肥和化肥配施的处理(50F+30A)比80F显著减产7.2%(P<0.05)。因此,施缓释肥料或用有机肥和化肥配施均能提高产量,减少氮肥施用量。减施磷肥处理结果表明:比农民习惯施肥减少施磷20%的处理均没有减产,说明在本地区减少施磷20%,具有一定的可行性。The effects of different fertilization reduction on double-crop rice growth and yield were studied on the basis of farmer conventional fertilization.The results of nitrogen reduction showed as follows.The highest yield was obtained with the application of slow release fertilizers.Compared to conventional nitrogen fertilizer application（CFN）.0.4% higher yield was gained with 80R whose N application rate was 20 percent lower than that of local fertilizer application.In comparison to the treatment with equal amount of nutrition content（80F）,6.0% higher yield was gained in 80R.The treatment of organic manure combined with chemical fertilizer（30F＋50M） had 1.9% higher yield as comparison with 80F treatment.The yield of green manure combined with chemical fertilizer（50F＋30A） decreased 7.2% as comparison with 80F treatment.Therefore,the yield was increased on slow release fertilizers or organic manure combined with chemical fertilizer application on condition that the fertilization amounts was reduced.The results of phosphorus reduction showed that the treatment with 20 % lower amount of phosphorus than conventional phosphorus fertilizer application（CFP） did not reduce the yield,soit should be possible to reduce 20% local phosphorus level.

关 键 词：双季稻 施肥 产量 施肥模式 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]