水资源胁迫下的区域产业结构优化路径与策略研究——以榆林市为例  

Optimal Path and Strategy of Regional Industrial Structure Under Water Resources Intimidation:A Case Study of Yulin

作　　者：文琦[1,2] 丁金梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学资源环境学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2011年第1期91-96,共6页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"农牧交错区资源大开发对土地退化的影响机制及优化途径研究"(编号:40871257);国家重点基础研究计划"北方干旱化与人类适应"(编号:2006CB400505);宁夏大学211工程重点学科建设项目"草业科学与生态工程"子项目

摘　　要：榆林市既是我国能源富集区,又是生态环境脆弱区,水资源短缺成为其社会经济发展和生态建设的主要"瓶颈"。本研究运用模糊数学与AHP方法建立了评价指标体系,并对2000-2005年榆林市水资源胁迫度进行测算,得出榆林市各年份水资源胁迫度已接近或超过重度水平,并呈逐年增加趋势。通过分析三次产业结构演变及其用水态势,探讨了水资源与社会经济发展之间的相互作用机理,认为社会经济发展与生态建设受水资源的强胁迫,水资源短缺迫使产业向耐旱、低耗水、高效益等产业类型转换,工业反哺解决了农业节水和远距离调水的资金"瓶颈",用水总量增加衍生了生态环境问题,进而又引发生态用水增加。最后,提出了压粮(种植业)扩饲(牧草业),推进舍饲养殖,促使农牧业协作发展;以"小杂粮"为主导,发展现代节水高效特色农业;发展循环经济,依靠技术和制度创新,走新型工业化道路等产业结构优化路径。Yulin city is an enrichment region of energy resources, and an extremely vulnerable area as well in China. The energy resources＇ exploitation and eco-reconstruction has seriously restricted by water resources. Based on fuzzy mathematical and AHP method, it has estimated the water resources intimidation from 2000 to 2005 in Yulin city. The results show that water resource intimidation already approaches to or exceeds the heavy stress degree, and presents an increasing trend. In the basis of the analysis of the industrial structure and its characteristics of water use, the results indicates that agriculture has the biggest proportion in water use, along with the industry scale enlarging and eco-reconstruction, both industrial and ecological water use has been increasing. The interaction mechanism between water resources and society-economy development tells us that： the development of economy has restricted by water resources, which propels the industry to move to the direction of low water demand and high efficiency; impelled by the aridification, agrotype has conversed from crops to grazing and forest; the industry changes to the low water demand and high efficiency types, meanwhile, the industry incomes would help development water-saving agriculture and transform water; the increase of water demand in society and economy produces many eco-environment problems, such as, the excess utilization and declining water level of groundwater.

关 键 词：水资源胁迫 产业结构优化 作用机理 榆林市 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]