水稻机械精量穴直播定位深施肥节氮栽培效果研究  

Effects of Mechanical Precise Hill-drop Drilling and Located Depth-fertilization on Rice Nitrogen-Saving

作　　者：汤海涛[1,2,3] 马国辉[1] 罗锡文[4] 曾山[4] 许文燕[1] 龙继锐[1] 胡承伟[5] 马付建[5] 

机构地区：[1]湖南杂交水稻研究中心,湖南长沙410125 [2]湖南省农业科学研究院土壤肥料研究所,湖南长沙410125 [3]湖南农业大学,湖南长沙410128 [4]华南农业大学南方农业机械与装备关键技术省部共建教育部重点实验室,广东广州510642 [5]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2011年第1期111-114,共4页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：南方农业机械与装备关键技术省部共建教育部重点实验室2009年度开放课题“超级稻同步直播施肥关键技术研究”;广东省科技攻关项目“同步开沟起垄施肥穴直播技术研究”(编号:2009-2012);金正大缓释肥料股份有限公司院士基金项目;史丹利复合肥院士基金项目;湖南省农科院创新项目2010hnnkycx56

摘　　要：本文以习惯全层施肥为对照,借助机械精量穴直播定位深施肥机具,研究了超级杂交早稻机械精量穴直播与缓释肥一次性定位深施技术配套对超级杂交早稻生长、产量和氮肥利用效果的影响。结果表明:水稻在精量穴直播条件下,缓释复合肥机械定位深施肥有利于保持水稻生长后期的养分稳定供应,缓释复合肥机械定位深施肥比习惯全层施肥(对照)处理增产630kg/hm2-924.75kg/hm2,增幅10.3%-16.5%,增产效果明显,氮肥农学利用率提高4.2￣7.9 kg/kg N,增幅29.0%￣51.2%;氮素利用率绝对值提高17.3%,增幅42.6%;氮收获指数增加9.0%。The effects of combining mechanical precise hill-drop drilling with controlled release fertilizers located depth-locating fertilization on growth and development, grain yield office and nitrogen utilization efficiency were studied in the paper. The results showed that one-off fertilizing the controlled release fertilizers by special machine can ensttre nutrient stable supply to rice growth at late growth stage. Compared with the conventional fertilization all layer, the grain yield of super early rice were increased from 630 kg/hm2 to 624.7 kg/hm2, and the percentage was from 10.3%to 16.5%. Nitrogen agronomy efficiency were increased from 4.2 kg/kg N to 7.9 kg/kg N by depth-located fertilizing the controlled release fertilizers, and the percentage was from 29.0% to 51.2%, And the absolute value of nitrogen utilization efficiency were increased 17.3%, increased by 42.6%. And the nitrogen harvest index increased 9.0%.

关 键 词：水稻 精量穴直播 施肥技术 节氮栽培 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]