施氮量与栽插密度对超级早稻中早22产量的影响  

Effects of nitrogen fertilization and planting density on yield of super early rice Zhongzao 22

作　　者：林洪鑫[1,2] 潘晓华[1] 石庆华[1] 彭春瑞[2] 吴建富[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室,农业部双季稻生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2011年第1期22-28,共7页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD02A04);江西省科技厅重点攻关项目(20051B020010)资助

摘　　要：以超级早稻中早22为材料,采用裂区设计,研究了不同施氮量与栽插密度组合对其产量的影响。结果表明,施氮量和栽插密度及其互作对产量的影响均达显著水平。在中、低施氮水平下,不同密度间产量差异很小,而在高氮水平下,适当降低密度有利高产。在0~195kg/hm2施氮范围内,有效穗数、生物产量、产量、氮素积累总量、最高茎蘖数、分蘖穗率和生产100kg子粒需氮量随施氮量的增加而增加,但结实率显著下降;每穗粒数施氮处理极显著高于不施氮处理。在24×104~30×104蔸/hm2的栽插密度范围内,有效穗数和生物产量随栽插密度的提高而提高,每穗粒数和分蘖穗率下降,结实率、氮肥表观利用率和氮素积累总量差异不显著。产量与生物产量和氮素积累总量均呈抛物线关系,最适生物产量和氮素积累总量分别为14.90t/hm2和155.4kg/hm2。在本试验条件下,N195kg/hm2与30×104蔸/hm2的肥密组合有利于中早22发挥高产潜力。Using the split-plot design,effects of nitrogen application amount,planting density and their interaction on yield of super early rice（Oxyza sativa L.cv.Zhongzao 22） were studied.The results show that the yield is significantly impacted by nitrogen application amount,planting density and their interaction.Under the middle or low nitrogen application amounts,planting density does not have obvious impact on yield,while under the higher nitrogen application amount,appropriate decrease of planting density can improve the yield.For the main effects of nitrogen,effective panicles,biomass,yield,total nitrogen accumulation,maximum number of tiller,tiller panicle rate（rate of tiller productive panicles account to total effective panicles） and nitrogen requirement for 100 kg grain production are increased when nitrogen application amounts are increased,however an opposite trend is discovered for seeding setting rate under N application rates 0195 kg/ha.Spikelets per panicle of the nitrogen application treatments are significantly higher than that of the non-nitrogen treatment.Effective panicles and biomass are increased,while spikelets per panicle and tiller panicle rate are reduced significantly as planting densities from 24×104 to 30×104 hill/ha.The seeding setting rate,apparent utilization ratio of nitrogen and total nitrogen accumulation are not apparently influenced by planting density.Biomass and total nitrogen accumulation have parabolic relationships with yield.The optimum biomass and total nitrogen accumulation are 14.90 t/ha and 155.4 kg/ha respectively.Under the experimental condition,the combination of N 195 kg/ha and 30×104 hill/ha is favorable for high yield of Zhongzao 22.

关 键 词：超级早稻 中早22 施氮量 栽插密度 产量 

分 类 号：S511.31[农业科学—作物学]