不同生长条件下槟榔叶片氮、磷、钾含量及其比例的研究  

Research on the ratio and contents of N,P,K by arecanut (Areca catechu L.) leaves in different growth conditions

作　　者：卢丽兰[1,2,3] 甘炳春[1,2] 魏建和[1,2] 许明会[1,2] 王旭东[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所海南分所,海南万宁571533 [2]海南省南药资源保护与开发重点实验室,海南万宁571533 [3]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2011年第1期202-208,共7页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划课题"重点道地南药良种选育及规范化生产关键技术研究"(2007BAI27B03);海南省自然基金(310107)资助

摘　　要：采用田间调查与实验室分析相结合,探讨海南地区不同产量水平、不同生长年限、正常结果与黄化槟榔叶片氮、磷、钾含量变化规律。结果表明,槟榔叶片氮、磷、钾比例约为1∶0.081∶0.356。高产组槟榔叶片平均氮含量比中高产组和中产组的分别高10.45%和21.73%;而比低产组槟榔叶片的高了36.86%。正常结果树(低产组槟榔)叶片平均氮含量比黄化组(轻)和黄化组(重)的分别高10.15%和19.49%;黄化组(轻)槟榔叶片平均氮含量比黄化组(重)的高11.61%。高产组槟榔叶片平均磷含量比中高产组和中产组的分别高10.71%和13.64%;而比低产组槟榔叶片的高17.02%。正常结果槟榔(低产组)叶片平均磷含量比黄化组(轻)和黄化组(重)的分别高10.87%和18.48%;黄化组(轻)槟榔叶片平均磷含量比黄化组(重)的高8.5%。高产组槟榔叶片平均钾含量比中高产组和中产组的分别高17.24%和25.00%;而比低产组槟榔叶片的高31.96%。正常结果槟榔(低产组)叶片平均钾含量比黄化组(轻)和黄化组(重)的分别高15.15%和19.42%;黄化组(轻)槟榔叶片平均钾含量比黄化组(重)的高5.03%。不同生长年限槟榔叶片氮、磷、钾含量有所差异,随着树龄增加,高产组槟榔叶片氮、磷、钾含量比较低产组的高。槟榔叶片氮含量最高,钾次之,磷最低。氮磷钾含量对槟榔产量提高有很大影响,槟榔黄化病可能引起叶片中N、P、K含量降低。Aimed to analyze the content of N,P and K of betel leaves,the normal leave the ones with yellow leaf disease were collected from fruit-bearing arecanut（Areca catechu L.） with different production levels,at different growth years in Hainan.The results showed the ratio of N ∶ P ∶ K was 1∶ 0.081∶ 0.356 in arecanut leaves.The average N contents in high-yield group（HYG）were 10.45%,21.73% and 36.86% higher than those in middle high-yield（MHYG）,middle-yield group（MYG）,and low-yield group（LYG）,respectively.The average N contents in normal arecanut leaves（low-yield group betel） were 10.15% and 19.49% higher than those in light yellow leaf disease group（LYLDG） and in severe yellow leaf disease group（SYLDG）.The average P contents in HYG were 10.71% and 13.64% higher than those in MHYG and MYG,respectively,and with 17.02% higher than those of LYG.The average P contents in normal arecanut leaves（LYG） were 10.87% and 18.48% higher than those in LYLDG and in SYLDG.The average K contents in HYG were 17.24% and 25.00% higher than those in MHYG and MYG,respectively,and with 31.96% higher than those of LYG.The average K contents in normal arecanut leaves（LYG） were 15.15% and 19.42% higher than those in LYLDG and in SYLDG;and those were 5.03% higher in LYLDG than SYLDG.The contents of N,P and K in leaves collected from arecanut at different growth years were different.The content of N in arecanut leaves was the highest,followed by K and P.The contents of N,P,K had a great influence on the arecanut production,and the yellow leaf disease had a negative impact on the arecaunut production.

关 键 词：槟榔 氮 磷 钾 产量水平 生长年限 黄化病 

分 类 号：S792.91[农业科学—林木遗传育种]