百草枯致大鼠多脏器损害的观察  

Study of multiple organ failure induced by paraquat in rats

作　　者：王伯良[1] 涂艳阳[1] 仲月霞[1] 曹义战[1] 付国强[1] 田小溪[1] 王景杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学唐都医院急诊科,西安710038 [2]第四军医大学唐都医院消化科,西安710038

出　　处：《中华急诊医学杂志》2010年第12期1296-1299,共4页Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine

基　　金：陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目（No：2008K14-08）

摘　　要：目的 观察百草枯急性中毒对大鼠多脏器损害,为探讨百草枯中毒引起的脏器损害机制提供理论依据.方法 近交系SD大鼠60只随机（随机数字法）分为实验组和对照组各30只,每组按取材时机平均分为6小组.在第四军医大学唐都医院实验中心予实验组腹腔注射稀释至1mg/mL百草枯溶液（18 mg/kg）制作大鼠中毒模型,对照组给予等量无菌生理盐水腹腔注射.分别在2 h,6 h,12h,24 h,72 h以及120 h处死实验组及对照组大鼠,取出肺、肝脏和肾脏,石蜡包埋切片,HE染色.观察模型大鼠在各时期的肺、肝脏以及肾脏的病理变化情况.结果 实验组在初期大鼠肺组织出现明显的渗出性改变,其后是肝脏组织的气球样改变.而肾脏则在造模后24 h,在肾小管见到明显的血红蛋白.在造模24 h后,肺组织的渗出减少,但可见肺泡组织结构破坏严重,并可见胶原成分在肺间质中增多,尤以72 h后更加明显.而肝脏组织则在造模后72 h呈现部分恢复状态.肾脏组织在造模后72 h,其损伤呈现进行性加重.对照组在各期肺、肝脏、肾脏均末见明显病理改变.结论 百草枯中毒可以引起SD大鼠主要脏器的损害,其中,对肺组织损害最为显著,并呈现进行性发展过程.对肾脏损害较肺组织为轻,但亦呈进行性变化.对于肝脏损伤相对较轻,并有可逆转趋势.Objective To observe the injury of some chief organ induced by paraquat （PQ） poisoning in rats, and to explore the mechanism. Method A total of 60 inbred line SD rats were randomly divided into experimental group （n = 30） and control group （n = 30）, and each group was further divided into 6 subgroups （n =5） as per the sacrifice of rats at different intervals. The rats of experimental group received the intra-abdominal injection of paraquat （1 mg/mL, 18 mg/kg）, and the rats of control group were treated with the same amount of saline solution instead. The rats of each subgroup were sacrificed separately 2 h,6 h, 12 h,24 h,72 h and 120 h after administration of PQ or saline. Lungs, livers and kidneys were taken for histopathological study. Results There was noticeable exudate in lung tissue of rats in experimental group in the early stage. And then the cystic changes in the liver of rats in experimental group were found. A noticeable hemoglobin was found in the renal tubules 24 h after modeling. But the exudation in lung decreased 24 h later, and in the mean time, the disorganization of pulmonary alveoli was obvious and some remarkable collagen appeared in the interstitial tissue of lung, and it was significantly obvious 72 h after modeling. In the liver of rats in experimental group, the injured tissue had some extent of repair in 72 h after modeling, and recovered gradually. But the injury of kidney was exacerbated 72 h after modeling. In the control group, the lung, liver and kidney were not changed in all stages after modeling.Conclusions The paraquat could induce failure of some chief organs in SD rats. The injury was most remarkable in the lung in a progressive way. The kidney injury was not more severe than that of lung tissue, but the pathological changes of the kidney became worse and worse as time taken. The injury of liver induced by paraquat was slight, and the injury could heal up gradually.

关 键 词：百草枯中毒 大鼠 多脏器损害 肺组织 病理 

分 类 号：R595.4[医药卫生—内科学]