全国十省(市)中小学生生长发育十年动态观察  

Observations on Ten-year Growth Development of Students and Pupils in 10 Provinces and Cities of China

作　　者：王燕鸣[1] 王良民[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东枣庄师专体育系,枣庄277160 [2]山东建材学院,济南250022

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》1999年第1期41-44,共4页Journal of Beijing Sport University

摘　　要：以“中国学生体质健康调研组”１９８５年、１９９５年调查指标为基础，对全国１０省（市）中小学生的６项可比性指标进行了１０年发展变化的动态分析，以揭示自改革开放以来我国学生体质状况的动态变化特点和规律。结果表明：１０年间，１）乡村学生身高增长幅度高于城市学生，而体重、胸围增长幅度则小于城市学生；城乡男生肺活量增长大于城乡女生，城乡女生肺活量大部分省（市）出现下降；城乡男女学生身体发育匀称度虽有不同程度的改善，但乡村学生维尔维克指数的增长仍明显低于城市男女学生。２）城乡女生生长发育约提前１～２年，城乡男生趋于稳定。３）城乡学生生长发育水平的高低与当地的经济发展水平存在着相应的关系，但少数地区出现反差，地区之间发展很不平衡。On the basis of the investigated indexes by the 'Chinese Students' Physical Fitness and HealthInvestigation Group' in 1985 and 1995, the changes of the ten--year development of 6 comparable indexes instudents and pupils in ten provinces and cities of China were analyzed in order to reveal the characteristics andlaws of the development of Chinese students' physical fitness, since the reform and open to the outside worldpolicy were carried out. The results were as follows: 1. During the ten years the growth extent of bodyheight in countryside students increased more than that of the city students, but that of body weight andchest measurement was less. The lung capacity of urban and rural schoolboys increased greater than that ofschoolgirls. In most provinces and cities the lung capacity of schoolgirls decreased. Although the body growthsymmetry of both boys and girls improved more or less, the Verwaeck indexes of the rural students increasedremarkably less than those of the urban students. 2. Schoolgirls grew quickly, about one to two years ahead,but schoolboys' growth trended to be steady. 3. The degree of the students' growth related to the local economical development correspondingly. But there was contrast in a few places. And in different places there isgreat unbalanced development.

关 键 词：体质 形态 机能 生长发育 动态分析 中小学生 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]