畜禽粪便中磷释放运移特征  

The Character of Phosphorus Release and Movement in Livestock and Poultry Manure

作　　者：杜会英[1] 袁志华[1] 常玉海[1] 程波[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部环境保护科研监测所,农业部/天津市产地环境与农产品安全重点开放实验室,天津300191

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2010年第12期2363-2367,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项基金(农业部环境保护科研监测所)资助项目(2007-aepi-6)

摘　　要：随着畜禽粪便农田施用量的增加,畜禽粪便中磷流失也越来越引起人们的重视。采用取样分析和室内土柱模拟的方法,研究了猪粪和鸡粪中磷在水、0.5mol·L-1NaHCO3和土体中的释放运移特点。结果表明,猪粪经H2O和NaHCO3连续提取后,H2O提取液中无机磷(P)i占猪粪全磷(TP)的21.58%,NaHCO3提取液中Pi占猪粪TP的28.92%;鸡粪经H2O和NaHCO3连续提取后,H2O提取液中Pi占鸡粪TP的18.09%,NaHCO3提取液中Pi占鸡粪TP的17.88%;施用猪粪和鸡粪处理土柱淋溶液中水溶性总磷(TDP)、水溶性无机磷(DRP)和水溶性有机磷(DOP)浓度均随着淋溶次数的增加呈先上升后降低的趋势,施用猪粪处理磷释放速率比施用鸡粪处理快;大量施用猪粪和鸡粪后,0～30cm土体中土壤全磷(TP)和0～60cm土体中土壤速效磷(Olsen-P)的含量显著增加。Runoff of dissolved phosphorus in livestock and poultry manure is receiving more attention with the increasing of manure. Phosphorus release and movement of swine manure and chicken manure in the water,0.5 mol·L^-1 NaHCO3 and soil were analyzed in this study. The results showed that dissolved inorganic phosphorus（Pi） accounted for 21.58% and 28.92% of swine manure in the H2O and NaHCO3,dissolved inorganic phosphorus（Pi） accounted for 18.09% and 17.88% of chicken manure in the H2O and NaHCO3. The content of total dissolved phosphorus（TDP）,dissolved reactive phosphorus（DRP） and dissolved organic phosphorus（DOP） in leaching solution first increased and then decreased with the increase of leaching number. The release rate of phosphorus by swine manure was faster than that of chicken manure. The contents of total phosphorus（TP） in 0～30 cm soil and available phosphorus（Olsen-P） in 0～60 cm soil treated by swine and chicken manure were higher than that of no fertilizer significantly.

关 键 词：畜禽粪便 磷释放 磷运移 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程]