蚓粪复合基质不同氮素用量对茄果类蔬菜幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of different nitrogen application in vermicompost-formulated substrate on seedling growth of solanaceous vegetables

作　　者：赵海涛[1] 许光辉[1] 单玉华[1] 薛林宝[2] 王波 封克[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学环境科学与工程学院/江苏省扬州农业环境安全技术服务中心/江苏省扬州规模猪场高效健康养殖公共技术服务中心,江苏扬州225127 [2]扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院,江苏扬州225009 [3]扬州市扬子蔬菜科技发展有限公司,江苏扬州225001

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2010年第3期65-69,共5页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31000939);农业部公益性科研专项(200803031);江苏省重大科技支撑与自主创新项目(BE20083450)

摘　　要：为资源化利用蚓粪,提高茄果类蔬菜育苗质量,研究蚓粪复合基质中不同氮素添加量对茄子、辣椒和番茄苗生长的影响。结果表明：蚓粪复合基质中辣椒、茄子、番茄等茄果类蔬菜幼苗的成苗率、开展度、株高、茎粗、叶片数、叶绿素、总鲜（干）重、茎叶鲜（干）重、根鲜（干）重以及壮苗指数等均明显优于对照。蚓粪复合基质中添加0.5 kg.m-3尿素有利于茄子幼苗地上部分发育,以及辣椒与番茄幼苗鲜（干）物质累积;添加1.0 kg.m-3尿素最有利于辣椒地上部分发育;添加2.0 kg.m-3尿素更有利于番茄幼苗地上部发育和茄子幼苗鲜（干）物质累积。蚓粪复合基质中添加0.5-1.0 kg.m-3尿素更有利于茄果类蔬菜幼苗成苗率稳定在较高水平上,添加1.0 kg.m-3尿素最有利于茄子和辣椒形成壮苗,而添加0.5 kg.m-3尿素最有利于番茄形成壮苗。综合而言,蚓粪复合基质在茄果类蔬菜的育苗中可以替代传统的基质,氮肥添加量以添加0.5-1.0 kg.m-3尿素为宜。In order to reuse vermicompost and elevate the quality of vegetable seedlings,the effects of nitrogen fertilizer added to vermicompost-formulated substrate on seedling growth of solanaceous vegetables including eggplant,tomato and capsicum were investigated.Results showed that the planting percent,leaf expandedness,plant height,stem diameter,fresh and dry weight,leaf number,leaf chlorophyll content and strong seedling index of the seedlings raised in vermicompost-formulated substrate were superior to those raised in a commercial substrate（CK）.Addition of 0.5 kg ·m（-3）（urea） to vermicompost-formulated substrate was favorable for the aerial growth of eggplant seedlings and biomass accumulation of the seedlings of tomato and capsicum.The optimum rate of urea added to vermicompost-formulated substrate for aerial growth of eggplant seedlings was 1.0 kg·m（-3） while that for biomass accumulation of the seedlings of tomato and capsicum was 2.0 kg ·m（-3）.The planting percentage of solanaceous vegetables was higher and more stable when 0.5-1.0 kg·m（-3） urea was added to vermicompost-formulated substrate,and the optimum rate of urea added to vermicompost-formulated substrate for strong seedling development was 1.0 kg·m（-3） in eggplant and capsicum and 0.5 kg·m（-3） in tomato.These data indicatedthat vermicompost-formulated substrate could be used as a better substrate in raising the seedlings of solanaceous vegetables and the optimum addition of urea to the substrate was 0.5-1.0 kg·m（-3）.

关 键 词：蚓粪 氮肥 育苗 茄子 番茄 辣椒 

分 类 号：S606.2[农业科学—园艺学]