维持性血液透析患者乙型和丙型肝炎感染的发病与预防  

Morbidity and prevention of hepatitis B and C in maintenance hemodialysis patients

作　　者：魏肃[1] 田洁[1] 徐婧[1] 冯玉颖[1] 于文洁[1] 王洪玲[1] 袁萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市第三中心医院肾内科天津市人工细胞重点实验室,300170

出　　处：《国际移植与血液净化杂志》2010年第6期31-34,共4页International Journal of Transplantation and Hemopurification

摘　　要：目的通过回顾性分析我院透析中心近2年新增乙、丙型肝炎感染病例的发病率，评估加强医务人员及病人管理、严格实行消毒隔离措施对控制乙、丙型肝炎感染发病率的有效性。方法对2008年3月至2009年2月和2009年3月至2010年3月2个时间段内所有在我透析中心进行长期维持性血液透析且未更换过透析机的患者进行了乙型肝炎5项指标及丙型肝炎抗体的检测，统计新发乙、丙型肝炎的发病率并对新发病例进行分析。结果2008年度新增1例丙型肝炎患者（发病率为0．72％），2009年度新增1例丙型肝炎患者（发病率为0．66％），2例患者均有明确的输血病史；2年内无新发乙型肝炎感染病例。结论通过采取严格的管理及消毒隔离措施，能够明显减少维持性血液透析患者乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎的发病率。Objective With retrospective analysis of the morbidity of the new hepatitis B and C patientsin the Dialysis Center of our hospital in the past two years, this paper tries to evaluate the efficiency of strengthening the management of medical staff and patients, taking strict measures for disinfection and iso- lation on controlling the morbidity of hepatitis B and C. Methods To take tests on HBV. M and HCV anti- bodies of all the patients who received long term maintenance hemodialysis treatment in our dialysis center in two periods of march, 2008 to February, 2009 and March, 2009 to March, 2010. Then to collect statistics on new morbidity of hepatitis B and C, and make analysis of the new cases. Results There is one new case of hepatitis C with the morbidity of 0.72% and 0.66% in 2008 and 2009 respectively. The two patients have definite history of blood transfusion; there is no new hepatitis B case in the two years. Conclusion by means of strict measures of management and disinfection and isolation the hepatitis B and C morbidity of maintenance hemodialysis patients can be obviously decreased.

关 键 词：维持性血液透析 消毒隔离 病毒感染 发病率 预防 

分 类 号：R51[医药卫生—内科学] R45[医药卫生—临床医学]