石羊河下游盐渍化弃耕地植被演替与土壤养分相关性分析  

Correlation analysis on vegetation succession and soil nutrients in abandoned salinized fields in lower reaches of Shiyang River

作　　者：李昌龙[1,2,3] 肖斌[2,3] 王多泽[1,3] 魏林源[1,2,3] 郭树江[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃民勤733300 [2]甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治重点实验室,甘肃武威733000 [3]甘肃省治沙研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第2期241-247,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2007BAD46B04)资助

摘　　要：以石羊河下游不同年代盐渍化弃耕地自然群落为对象,利用优势种群的消长和土壤养分的动态变化进行相关性分析,研究退耕地群落演替与土壤养分之间的动态变化以及相互关系。结果表明:1)植被类型一般经历3个阶段:田间杂草→荒漠草本→荒漠灌木,但群落演替可分为4个阶段:藜+田旋花群落(1～2年)→骆驼蒿群落(3～10年)→苏枸杞+黄毛头群落(10～40年)→黄毛头群落(顶极群落);2)土壤养分在整个植被演替过程中一般经历消耗-积累-消耗3个阶段,但速效钾不存在初期消耗阶段,演替后期土壤养分处于消耗状态,并逐渐接近本区域自然植被土壤养分;3)由于前期土壤养分处于消耗阶段,骆驼蒿种群对土壤养分的贡献不明显,其中与速效磷之间呈显著负相关,与速效钾呈显著正相关;苏枸杞种群与土壤养分呈正相关,其中与有机质、全氮、30～60cm速效钾相关性显著;而黄毛头种群与土壤养分之间呈显著负相关。黄毛头具有较强的适应性,可作为盐渍化弃耕地上的适宜引种物种,以调控和加速植物群落演替。Taking the natural vegetations on the salinized fields having been abandoned for different years in the lower reaches of Shiyang River as test objects,this paper studied the dynamic changes and interrelationships of vegetation succession and soil nutrients. Overall,the vegetation type experienced three stages,i.e.,field weeds → desert herbages → desert brushes,while the community succession had four stages,i.e.,Convolvulus arvensis ＋ Chenopodium album （1-2 years） → Peganum nigellastrum （3-10 years） → Lycium ruthenicum ＋ Kalidium cuspidatum var. sinicum （10-40 years） → Kalidium cuspidatum var. sinicum （climax community）. During community succession,the changes of soil nutrients experienced three stages,i.e.,consuming → accumulating → consuming,only soil available K not consumed at the early stage. All soil nutrients were consumed at the late stage,and finally,their contents were approached to the levels under natural vegetations in the area. Because of the consuming of the soil nutrients at the early stage,P. nigellastrum had less contribution to the soil nutrients,being significantly negatively correlated with soil available P but positively correlated with soil available K. L. ruthenicum had positive correlations with soil nutrients,especially with soil organic matter,total N,and the available K in 30-60 cm layer. There were significant negative correlations between K. cuspidatum var. sinicum and soil nutrients,suggesting that K. cuspidatum var. sinicum had strong adaptation to the site conditions,being able to be the proper introducing species to accelerate and direct the vegetation succession on abandoned salinized fields.

关 键 词：石羊河下游 盐渍化弃耕地 植被演替 土壤养分 

分 类 号：Q948.113[生物学—植物学]