盐城自然保护区射阳河口潮间带大型底栖动物空间分布与季节变化  

Spatial distribution and seasonal variation of macrobenthos in intertidal flat of Sheyang estuary,Yancheng Nature Reserve

作　　者：侯森林[1,2] 余晓韵[1] 鲁长虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院,南京210037 [2]南京森林警察学院侦查系,南京210046

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第2期297-303,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学研究重大项目(09KJA180002)资助

摘　　要：2008年11月—2009年10月,在盐城自然保护区射阳河口潮间带按月份对大型底栖动物群落进行取样。共得到大型底栖动物16种,隶属3门4纲15科,为软体动物、节肢动物甲壳类和环节动物多毛类,其中,潮间带米草丛6种,高潮带光滩7种,中潮带光滩13种,低潮带光滩7种。对潮间带各样点的物种数、密度、生物量以及不同样点的生物多样性指数Margalef指数(S)、Shannon指数(H)、Pielou指数(J)和Simpson指数(D)进行样点-季节间无重复双因素方差分析,发现样点间物种数、密度和生物量差异极显著(所有P<0.01),三者季节间差异均不显著;样点间H、D和S差异显著(所有P<0.05),季节间差异均不显著;而季节间和样点间J差异均不显著。对四季4个样点的群落进行聚类和排序分析发现,中、高潮带光滩界限不明显,潮间带米草丛和低潮带光滩界限明显。结果表明:生境条件的不同是潮间带大型底栖动物群落组成差异的主要原因,同一生境大型底栖动物群落季节间差异不显著。From November 2008 to October 2009,the macrobenthic community in the intertidal flat of Sheyang estuary,Yancheng Nature Reserve was sampled monthly. A total of 16 species belonging to 15 families,4 classes,and 3 phyla were collected,which were mollusks,crustaceans,and polychaetes. The species number found at 4 sampling sites （intertidal zone with Spartina alterniflora,and high,middle,and low tidal flats without plants） was 6,7,13,and 7,respectively. Two-factor ANOVA was used to analyze the effects of sampling site and season on the species number,density,and biomass of macrobenthic community,and the biodiversity indices （Margalef,S; Shannon,H; Pielou,J; and Simpson,D）. There were significant differences in the species number （P〈0.01）,density （P〈0.01）,and biomass （P〈0.01） among sampling sites,but less difference was observed among seasons. The H （P〈0.01）,D （P〈0.05）,and S （P〈0.05） were all significantly affected by sampling site but less affected by season,while the J was less affected either by sampling site or by season. The hierarchical clustering of between-groups linkage and the non-matric multi-dimensional scaling showed that the macrobenthic community in high and middle tidal flats without plants had no distinct dividing line,while that in intertidal zone with S. alterniflora and in low tidal flat without plants was in adverse. Our results revealed that,comparing with seasonal variation,habitat difference was much more important for the difference in the macrobenthic community composition in intertidal flat.

关 键 词：射阳河口 大型底栖动物 潮间带 空间分布 季节变化 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]