苏南典型乡镇景观梯度变化  

Landscape gradient change in a typical town of south Jiangsu Province

作　　者：周锐[1,2] 李月辉[1] 胡远满[1] 贺红士[1] 隋珍[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京110049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第2期320-326,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAJ10B05-03);国家自然科学基金项目(40871245和50808048)资助

摘　　要：基于2009年Quickbird卫星影像和GIS空间分析技术,采用土地利用程度综合指数和景观格局指数,结合梯度分析方法,研究了苏南典型乡镇(辛庄镇)土地利用强度和景观结构的城乡梯度变化,并分析了土地利用强度与景观格局的关系。结果表明:水田是辛庄地区的优势景观类型,村镇建设用地、鱼塘和水体也是当地的主要景观类型。镇区的土地利用强度明显大于农村地区,随着与镇中心距离的增加,土地利用程度综合指数逐渐降低。镇区景观空间聚集度大,景观结构较为规则,破碎化程度较低;农村地区景观空间离散度大,形状复杂,破碎化现象严重,景观格局有待优化。土地利用强度与斑块密度、景观形状指数呈显著的负相关(P<0.05),与香农多样性、均匀度指数呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与聚集度指数呈显著相关,说明随着土地开发强度的增加,城镇景观向着多样化和均匀化的方向发展,建设用地成为优势景观,空间聚集度不断加大。Based on the 2009 Quickbird satellite image and the GIS spatial analysis techniques,we selected land use degree index and landscape pattern metrics,combining with gradient analysis,to study the land use intensity and landscape structure change of urban-rural gradient in a typical town （Xinzhuang town） of south Jiangsu. The results showed that in Xinzhuang region,paddy field was the dominant landscape type,while rural construction land,fish pond,and water body were the main landscape types. The land use intensity in town area was significantly greater than that in rural area,while the land use degree index decreased gradually with the increasing distance from the town center. In town area,the landscape space aggregation degree was greater,landscape structure was more regular,and fragmentation degree was lower; while in rural area,the landscape space had a larger dispersion degree,with more complex shape and serious fragmentation,and the landscape pattern was under optimization. The land use intensity showed significant negative correlations with patch density and landscape shape index （P〈0.05）,significant positive correlations with Shannon diversity and evenness index （P〈0.01）,and significant correlation with aggregation index,suggesting that with the increasing intensity of land development,the town landscape was towards more diversified and homogeneous,construction land became dominant landscape,and spatial aggregation was increasingly enhanced.

关 键 词：苏南 梯度分析 景观格局 土地利用程度 

分 类 号：Q149[生物学—生态学]