一次多回击自然闪电引发的输电线路感应过电压特征分析  

Analysis on Characteristics of Induced Over-Voltage in Transmission Line Caused by Natural Lightning With Multi Return Strokes

作　　者：王孝波[1] 陈绍东[2] 张义军[3] 黄智慧[2] 蔡力[4] 

机构地区：[1]广州市气象局,广东省广州市510060 [2]广东省防雷中心,广东省广州市510600 [3]中国气象科学研究院,北京市海淀区100081 [4]武汉大学高电压与绝缘技术研究所,湖北省武汉市430072

出　　处：《电网技术》2011年第2期163-168,共6页Power System Technology

基　　金：中国气象局新技术推广重点项目(CMATG2008Z07);公益性行业科研专项(GY2007622)

摘　　要：针对野外低压架空输电线路开展了过电压防护试验研究。通过一次典型的多回击自然闪电引起的过电压并结合闪电定位资料,对输电线路不同位置的入户端及采集器前端的过电压大小、采集器前端电涌保护器(surge protective device,SPD)残压特性及入户端L线过电压和闪电回击电流之间的关系进行了分析和探讨。通过分析发现:近距离的闪电能在架空输电线路上产生几kV的感应过电压,过电压持续时间平均约1.0 ms,采集器前端安装SPD动作后,较远的入户端过电压波形也会受其影响;采集器前端SPD动作残压持续时间平均约218μs,比标准8/20μs冲击波试验持续时间长;入户端感应过电压、回击电流与距离有很好的线性拟合关系。The experimental investigation on over-voltage protection for outdoor low-voltage overhead transmission lines is carried out. Based on a typical natural lightning with multi return strokes and combining with lightning location data, the values of over-voltages at entrance terminals for housings and those at front-side of collector, which locate at differnet positions of transmission lines and the residual voltage characteristics of surge protective devices （SPD） located at collector front-side as well as the relation between over-voltages of L-lines at entrance terminals for housings and return stroke current of lightning are analyzed and discussed. Analysis results show that close range lightning can lead to induced over-voltage with amplitude of several kilovolts on low-voltage overhead transmission lines and the duration of this over-voltage is about 1.0 ms in average; after the action of SPDs installed at the front-side of collector the over-voltage waveforms at farther entrance terminals for housings will be influenced, and the duration of residual voltage after the action of SPD is about 218 ~ts in average, which is longer than the duration from standard 8/20 ~ts test waveform; and there is good linear fitting relation between induced over-voltages at entrance terminals for housings and the ratio of return stroke currents to return stroke distances.

关 键 词：自然闪电 多回击 感应过电压 输电线路 线性拟合 

分 类 号：TM76[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]