东莞市农业土壤多环芳烃污染及其空间分布特征研究  

PAHs Pollution and Spatial Distribution in Agricultural Soils of Dongguan

作　　者：马瑾[1] 邱兴华[1] 周永章[2] 朱彤[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境科学与工程学院,环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100871 [2]中山大学地球环境与地球资源研究中心,广州510275

出　　处：《北京大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第1期149-158,共10页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：国土资源部农业地质与生态地球化学调查项目(121201511216)资助

摘　　要：选取位于珠江三角洲的东莞市为研究区域,采集59个代表性表层农业土壤样品,分析了16种优控PAHs的含量。结果显示,13种PAHs检出率均在90%以上,其中Fle,Phe,Chr和Bbf的检出率为100%,Ant的检出率最低(13.56%)。ΣPAHs介于29～2184μg/kg之间,远超出土壤内源性PAHs含量,分别有44.07%,8.47%和3.39%的土壤样品达到了PAHs的轻、中、重度污染水平。主成分分析及源解析结果表明,该市农业土壤PAHs主要有燃烧源、石油源和煤燃烧源3个主要来源。与国内其他地区相比,东莞市农业土壤PAHs含量处于相对较高的水平。还对可能影响PAHs环境行为的因素进行了分析,认为环境因素(温度、湿度、光照)、土壤性质(pH值、有机质含量)以及其他污染物(重金属)均会对PAHs环境行为产生影响。采用克里格插值法对东莞市农业土壤PAHs的空间分布特征进行了分析,发现不同PAHs组分的空间分布差别很大,总体上该市西北部土壤PAHs含量较高,PAHs异常的富集中心在东莞市望牛墩镇附近,该区域可能存在一些有毒废物焚烧污染源。Investigation on PAHs in agricultural soils in Dongguan, South China were conducted. A total of 59 agricultural soil samples were collected from sites representative of the region for analysis of contents of 16 PAHs. Results show that 13 PAHs were detected with detectable ratios above 90% , Fie, Phe, Chr and Bbf were detected in all 59 samples, the detectable ratio of Ant was the lowest （ 13.56% ）. ∑PAHs in soil samples is ranged from 29 to 2184 μg/kg, and 44. 07% , 8. 47% and 3.39% soil samples were slightly, moderately and heavily polluted by PAHs, respectively. Compared with other regions, Dongguan city is higher in soil PAHs contents, which can be confirmed that the increase of PAHs in agricultural soils is connected with human activities closely. Principal comtmnent analysis demonstrate that the above-said 16 PAHs in agricultural soils may have three major contributors, corresponding to biomass burning, volatilization of oil production, and coal burning respectively. It is found that environmental factors （temperature, humidity）, soil characters （pH, organic materials） and other pollutants（heavy metals） can affect environmental behaviors of PAHs. By means of ordinary Kriging interpolation, spatial distribution of 16 PAHs were studied. The results indicate that 16 PAHs vary greatly in spatial distribution between types, PAHs contents in west-north soils are much higher than that in south-east soils, and the highest PAHs contents area is in Wangniudun town, which hint that there are some pollutant sources connected with poisonous wastes combustion.

关 键 词：农业土壤 多环芳烃 主成分分析 环境行为 空间分布 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]