黑麦6R抗白粉病基因向小麦的渗进与鉴定  

The Identification and Introgression of a Powdery Mildew Resistant Gene from Rye Chromosome 6R to Wheat

作　　者：张文俊[1] 瞿绍洪[1] 王献平[1] 景建康[1] 胡含[1] 张相歧 JohnWSnape 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传研究所植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》1999年第5期563-570,共8页

基　　金：国家"863";中国科学院重大基金

摘　　要：为了将黑麦6R染色体上抗小麦白粉病的基因导入小麦，选用了一个6R／6D换系M24为亲本之一，分别与小麦栽培品种和第6部分同源群缺体系杂交，杂种出现6R和／或6A6B，6D单、双或三单体等各种情况，取其花药进行培养，共获得241个再生植株。对其中32个抗白粉病的花粉植株经染色体计数，已分带，基因组原位杂交，同工酶等电聚焦电泳和／或RFLP分子标记检测，发现有6株仍保持为6R/6D代换系，有10株变为6R附加系，另外的16株有染色体结构变异，包括6R长臂等臂附加，6R长臂端体附加，6R长臂小片段附加，6D长短臂双缺失侏儒染色体和6R短臂与小麦一未知染色体长臂非罗宾逊相互易位。这些结果说明本实验程序有益于小麦和黑麦特定染色体的重排。In order to introgress the powdery mildew resistance gene on rye chromosom 6Rinto wheat a 6R/6D substitution line, M24, was crossed with different wheat cultivarsand the cultivar, Abondanza, homoeologous Group 6 nullisomics. The hybridscontaining 6R and/or 6A, 6B, 6D in single, double or triple monosomic states wereused as donor plants for anther culture. Two hundred and forty one haploid plantswere obtained. By means of chromosome counting, C-banding, in sita hybridization,isozyme electrophoresis and / or RFLP analysis, the chromosome constitutions of 32plants resistant to powdery mildew were examined. Six of them were found to bestill 6R / 6D substitution lines, and ten of them were 6R addition lines. However,another sixteen lines had novel constitutions, with chromosomal rearrangementsincluding one with a 6RL iso-chromosome addition, one with a 6RL telocentricchromosome addition, one with a 6RL small fragment addition, one with 6D midgerchromosome(long arm deficiency and short arm deletion), and one withnon-Robertsonian reciprocal chromosome translocation between the 6R short arm anda unidentified wheat chromosome long arm. These results suggest that anther culture ofnovel hybrids is useful for generating wheat-rye specific chromosomal rearrangements.

关 键 词：小麦 黑麦 花药培养 抗白粉病 染色体重排 

分 类 号：S512.103.5[农业科学—作物学]