吉林中西部地区土壤有机碳储量及其时空变化特征  

SOIL ORGANIC CARBON STORAGE AND ITS SPATIAL-TEMPORAL VARIATION IN THE CENTRAL AND WESTERN AREA OF JILIN

作　　者：廖艳[1] 孙淑梅[2] 杨忠芳[1] 夏学齐[1] 白荣杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院,北京100083 [2]吉林省地质调查院,长春130061

出　　处：《第四纪研究》2011年第1期189-198,共10页Quaternary Sciences

基　　金：中国主要农耕区土壤碳库及固碳潜力研究项目(批准号:200911020)资助

摘　　要：利用多目标区域地球化学调查的实测数据,估算了吉林中西部地区表层土壤的有机碳密度和储量。结果表明,在不同深度的分布层次上,表层(0～0.2m)土壤对有机碳的积累较弱,SOC储量占到全层(0～1.8m)储最的23.8%,中上层(0～1.0m)储量则占到全层储量的95.7%。从土壤类型看,表层SOC密度较高的有暗棕壤(6363.8±3900.5t/km^2)、栗钙土(5001.9±1313.2t/km^2)、白浆土(4629.8±1921.5t/km^2)和水稻土(4193.6±1509.6t/km^2)等;储最较丰富的是黑钙土(66.969±25.460Tg)、暗棕壤(65.929±40.410Tg)、黑土(46.837±14.553Tg)和新积土(43.368±20.910Tg)等。就土地利用方式而言,水田(4150.2±1813.8t/km^2)和林业用地(4133.4±3450.2t/km^2)的表层SOC密度最高;旱田(140.186±52.156Tg)和林业用地(104.442±87.180Tg)的表层SOC储量最高,二者共占到表层SOC总储量的75.6%。在空间分布上,吉林中西部地区SOC密度西北低、东南高,大致呈现出由西北向东南逐渐增大的趋势。较低碳密度带包括白城和松原的大部分地区、四平地区的西部,较高碳密度带主要包括吉林、辽源、长春地区,这3个地区面积为全区的1/3,但集中了全区表层SOC总量的一半,其中吉林地区SOC平均密度最高,达到6305.8±4018.8t/km^2;此外白城西北部地区碳密度也比较高。与第二次土壤普查数据进行了对比研究,结果发现表层SOC平均含量从1.45±0.80%减为1.24±0.82%,平均密度从3834.7±1087.5t/km^2降为3436.7±2249.7t/km^2,储量则由366.167±103.840Tg减少至328.165±150.124Tg,净减少38.002Tg,有机碳以0.199tC/ha·a的年变化速率由土壤排放进入大气中,其中以沼泽土、白浆土和暗棕壤的碳损失速率较快,吉林中西部地区表层土壤在区域碳循环中发挥着碳源的作用。Using the measured data of the multi-purpose regional geochemical survey,we estimated the SOC densities and reserves of surface soil in the central and western area of Jilin. The result shows that at the distribution of the different depths,SOC accumulation at the surface layer（0 -0.2m）is weak,whose SOC reserve only accounts for 23.8% of the whole layer（0 - 1.8m） ,while the reserve of the upper layer（0 - 1.0m）accounts for 95.7% of the whole layer. From the soil type,the soils with high surface SOC densities are dark brown soi1（6363.8±3900.5 t/km^2 ） , chestnut soil （ 5001.9 ± 1313.2t/km^2 ） , white pulp soil （ 4629.8 ± 1921.5 t/km^2） and paddy soil （ 4193.6 ±1509.6t/km^2） etc; the soils whose reserves are rich are chernozem （66. 969±25. 460Tg）, dark brown soil（ 65. 929±40. 410Tg）,black soi1（46. 837±14. 553Tg）and new plot soi1（43. 368±20. 910Tg）and so on. With respect to the land use,paddy field（4150.2±1813.8t/km^2） and woodland（4133.4±3450.2t/km^2） have the highest surface SOC densities; dry farmland（ 140. 186±52. 156Tg）and woodland （104. 442±87. 180Tg）have the highest surface SOC reserves, both of which account for 75.6% of the total reserve of surface SOC. From the perspective of spatial distribution,the SOC densities in the central and western area of Jilin are northwest low, southeast high, roughly showing a trend of gradual increase from northwest to southeast. The zone with lower carbon density includes most parts of Baicheng and Songyuan,western part of Siping, while the zone with higher carbon density includes Jilin, Liaoyuan and Changchun, and the area of these three regions accounts for only 1/3 of the whole area but concentrates half of the surface SOC total in the whole area, of which Jilin has the highest SOC average density, reaching 6305.8±4018.8t/km^2; in addition, the northwest part of Baicheng has also high carbon density. We carried a comparison research with the date of the Second Soil General Survey and found that the av

关 键 词：碳密度碳储量 时空变化 碳固存/释放 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]