流加菌种对厌氧氨氧化工艺的影响  

Effect of sequential biocatalyst addition on Anammox process

作　　者：唐崇俭[1] 郑平[1] 陈建伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境工程系,杭州310029

出　　处：《生物工程学报》2011年第1期1-8,共8页Chinese Journal of Biotechnology

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(No.2009AA06Z311);国家自然科学基金(No.30770039);国家科技支撑计划(No.2008BADC4B05)资助~~

摘　　要：厌氧氨氧化工艺具有很高的容积氮去除速率,现已成功应用于污泥压滤液等含氨废水的脱氮处理,容积氮去除速率高达9.5 kg/(m3.d)。但由于厌氧氨氧化菌为自养型细菌,生长缓慢,对环境条件敏感,致使厌氧氨氧化工艺启动时间过长,运行容易失稳,并且不适合处理有机含氨废水和毒性含氨废水,极大地限制了该工艺的进一步推广应用。为了克服厌氧氨氧化工艺实际应用中存在的问题,结合发酵工业中常用的菌种流加技术,提出了一种新型的菌种流加式厌氧氨氧化工艺,研究了该新型工艺在厌氧氨氧化工艺的启动过程、稳定运行以及处理有机含氨废水和毒性含氨废水等方面的应用情况。结果表明,通过向反应器内补加优质厌氧氨氧化菌种,可提高厌氧氨氧化菌数量及其在菌群中的比例,强化厌氧氨氧化功能。据此研发的菌种流加式厌氧氨氧化工艺不仅可以实现快速启动,而且可以稳定运行,并突破了有机物和毒物所致的运行障碍,拓展了厌氧氨氧化工艺的应用范围。Anaerobic ammonium oxidation（Anammox） process is a high-rate nitrogen removal technology that has been applied in sludge dewatering effluents treatment with nitrogen removal rate as high as 9.5 kg/（m3·d）.However,due to the slow growth rate of the autotrophic Anammox bacteria and the susceptivity to environmental conditions,the start-up of Anammox process is very long;the operation is unstable;and the nitrogen removal from organic-containing and/or toxicant-containing ammonium-rich wastewaters using Anammox process becomes difficult.Thus,the application of this high-rate process is significantly limited.In this paper,a newly-developed Anammox process with sequential biocatalyst（Anammox biomass） addition was established based on the procedure in fermentation engineering.We introduced the Anammox process with sequential biocatalyst addition on start-up,stable operation and the treatment of organic-containing and toxicant-containing ammonium-rich wastewaters.Results show that supplementing high-activity Anammox biomass into reactors will increase the amount of as well as the ratio of Anammox bacteria.Thus,the innovative Anammox process with sequential biocatalyst addition not only accelerates the start-up course,but also enhances the stability of Anammox process.Furthermore,it overcomes the drawbacks of wastewaters containing high organic content and toxic substances.Therefore,the application of Anammox process may be further enlarged.

关 键 词：厌氧氨氧化 菌种流加技术 生物脱氮 有机物 毒物 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]