腔静脉滤器置入并静脉溶栓治疗并发症的观察及护理  

Nursing care of the complications caused by vena cava filter placement and thrombolytic therapy

作　　者：马从凤[1] 檀美芳[1] 符冰[1] 罗春华[1] 蒋凤姣[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学附属肿瘤医院介入治疗科,南宁530021

出　　处：《介入放射学杂志》2011年第1期59-61,共3页Journal of Interventional Radiology

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生厅自筹课题(Z2007178)

摘　　要：目的探讨腔静脉滤器置入并静脉溶栓治疗并发症的观察及护理方法。方法 2007年7月-2010年3月开展腔静脉滤器置入并静脉溶栓治疗70例,针对主要并发症进行观察,包括出血倾向、肺栓塞、滤器移位、脱落、滤器血栓闭塞、滤器穿破下腔静脉、患肢静脉功能不全及患肢皮肤水疱的观察和护理。结果 70例溶栓治疗的总有效率为95.7%(67/70),经实施合理有效的护理措施,未出现肺栓塞、滤器移位、脱落、滤器血栓闭塞、感染等并发症。4例出现血尿;3例出现穿刺点渗血;3例腹部手术伤口出血;3例有皮下淤斑;3例患肢皮肤出现小水泡,及时发现处理后痊愈。结论预防术后潜在并发症为主要目的的术后护理是一种前瞻性护理,需要扎实基础知识、观察能力和较强的责任心。Objective To discuss the nursing care and observation measures for the complications occurred after vena cava filter placement and thrombolytic therapy.Methods During the period of July 2007-March 2010,vena cava filter placement and thrombolytic therapy were employed in 70 patients.The observation for the main procedure-related complications was made.The main complications included bleeding tendency,pulmonary embolism,filter migration or loss,thrombus formation within filter,IVC perforation due to filter,venous insufficiency and skin blisters of the affected lower extremity.Results The total effective rate of thrombolytic treatment in 70 patients was 95.7%.As reasonable and effective nursing care measures were implemented,no major complications,such as pulmonary embolism,filter migration or loss,thrombus formation within filter,IVC perforation due to filter,infection,etc.occurred.The other complications developed in some patients,which included hematuria（n=4）,bleeding at puncturing site（n=3）,bleeding at abdominal incision（n=3）,subcutaneous ecchymosis（n=3） and skin vesicles of diseased limb（n=3）,all of which were cured after proper management.Conclusion Postoperative nursing is a kind of prospective nursing care,the primary purpose of which is to prevent the occurrence of the potential complications after surgery.Therefore,solid fundamental knowledge,careful observation ability and strong consciousness of responsibility are most important.

关 键 词：腔静脉滤器置入 静脉溶栓治疗 溶栓治疗并发症 护理 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]