环渤海滨海湿地时空格局变化遥感监测与分析  

Spatial and temporal change of wetlands in Bohai rim during 2000—2008:An analysis based on satellite images

作　　者：温庆可[1] 张增祥[1] 徐进勇[1] 左丽君[1] 汪潇[1] 刘斌[1] 赵晓丽[1] 易玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遥感应用研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《遥感学报》2011年第1期183-200,共18页NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING BULLETIN

基　　金：国家海洋局"渤海环境立体监测与动态评价专项"渤海环境遥感监测技术开发和业务化应用专题(编号:BH2009RS)资助~~

摘　　要：基于多期Landsat TM等遥感数据,采用目视解译和实地样点采集相互支撑的方法,完成了环渤海地区2000年、2005年及2008年湿地提取和分类;运用单一类型变化率模型、区域动态度模型和动态转移矩阵,揭示了环渤海湿地的时空格局、变化特点和驱动机制。研究显示环渤海地区的8类湿地中,属于人工湿地类型的盐场和水库坑塘面积比例大且近8年增长速度也最快,年均分别增加205.52 km^2和146.10 km^2,滩地和海涂减少最明显;环渤海地区的三大流域中,黄河流域湿地变化最显著,其动态度接近海河流域及辽河流域的2倍,且仍在上升,海河流域动态度已经呈现出降低趋势;人类活动驱动下的湿地变化比自然驱动更明显,近海域、海涂及滩地开发,用于建设水库坑塘、建筑用地、盐场等,是环渤海湿地变化的重要形式。The coastal wetlands along the Bohai rim are undergoing rapid change.It is significant for regional planning to aware of these spatial and temporal changes.Multi-years of Landsat TM data and some other remote sensing data are used to conduct Human-Computer interaction visual interpretation of wetlands.Assisted by the collection of field samples,the distribution and classification of wetlands along the Bohai Sea in 2000,2005 and 2008 are extracted.The change rate model of single type and the regional dynamic degree model are constructed under GIS to reconstruct spatial and temporal pattern and dynamic pattern of the wetlands.The dynamic transfer matrix is constructed to reflect the dynamics reasons.The results show that：the brine pan and reservoirs/aquiculture,which are all manmade wetlands,have the biggest area amount and the biggest growth rate,with annual growth 205.52 km^2 and 146.10 km^2,respectively.The reduction of bottomland and tideland are more obvious than the other types.The Yellow River basin has the most significant wetland change,which is twice bigger than that of Liao River basin and Hai River basin,and still growing larger.The dynamic degree of the Hai River basin has shown the reducing trends.The wetland change driven by human activities is more obvious than the natural drive.The main wetland types transfering are caused by human activities such as the reclamation,tideland or bottomland for aquiculture,constructed land or brine pan.

关 键 词：环渤海 湿地变化 遥感监测 时空分析 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学] TP79[生物学—普通生物学]