甘蓝两种类型雄性不育系花器官形态及结实特性的比较研究  

The Floral and Seed Setting Characteristics in Two Types of Male Sterile Lines of Cabbage(Brassica oleracea L.var.capitata)

作　　者：王庆彪[1] 方智远[1] 张扬勇[1] 刘玉梅[1] 杨丽梅[1] 庄木[1] 孙培田[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《园艺学报》2011年第1期61-68,共8页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家‘十一五’科技支撑计划项目(2008BADB1B02);农业部园艺作物遗传改良重点开放实验室项目;农业部大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(hycytx-35)

摘　　要：以结球甘蓝自交系02-12和01-20分别多代回交转育而育成的两种不同类型雄性不育系为试材,对其花器官形态、蜜蜂授粉情况及制种产量的差异进行了研究。结果表明:相同自交系转育而成的显性核基因雄性不育系(DGMS)与细胞质雄性不育系(CMS)在花冠直径、雄蕊长、花瓣长、花药长,花蕾直径、一级分枝死花蕾率、二级分枝死花蕾率,蜜腺大小、单花花蜜量、蜜蜂访花次数、蜜蜂访花时间和荚粒数、制种产量方面存在显著差异;以上性状均表现为显性核基因雄性不育系明显优于细胞质雄性不育系。制种产量与主要开花结实性状的相关性分别为:花冠直径(r=0.907,P<0.01),蜜蜂访花次数(r=0.893,P<0.01)和一级分枝死花蕾率(r=-0.891,P<0.01)。The differences of the floral characters,bee pollination and seed yield among dominant genic male sterile（DGMS）line,cytoplasmic male sterile（CMS）line and inbred（SI）line of cabbage 02-12,01-20 were studied.The results showed that the differences of the corolla diameter,stamen length,anther length,petal length,bud diameter,the proportion of dead buds at the first branch and the second branch,nectary surface area,single flower nectar volume,the number of visiting bees,the time of bees staying on the flower,seeds per siliqua and seed yield between DGMS and CMS of lines 02-12 and 01-20 were significant.Above traits in DGMS lines were significantly better than those of CMS lines.The correlation of seed yield with main flowering and seed setting characteristics was：Corolla diameter（r = 0.907,P0.01）,the number of visiting bees（r = 0.893,P0.01）and the proportion of dead buds at the first branch（r =-0.891,P0.01）.

关 键 词：甘蓝 DGMS CMS 花器官 蜜蜂授粉 制种产量 

分 类 号：S635.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]