山地苹果树更新修剪对树体营养及生长的影响  

Effects of Renewal Pruning on Mountain Apple Tree's Nutrition and Growth

作　　者：李明霞[1] 白岗栓[2,3] 闫亚丹[2] 耿桂俊[2] 杜社妮[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《园艺学报》2011年第1期139-144,共6页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家‘十一五’科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD09B07;2006BAD09B09)

摘　　要：在陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区以常规修剪为对照,探讨更新修剪对盛果期山地苹果树体营养和生长方面的影响。结果表明:更新修剪提高了叶片、枝条中的氮、磷、钾、钙含量,提高了果实中的氮、钾、钙含量,对果实中的磷和根系中的磷、钾无显著影响;降低了根系中的氮、钙含量;显著增加了长枝、中枝的比例,显著降低了短枝、叶丛枝比例,促进了枝条健壮发育。更新修剪增加了叶面积,提高了叶绿素、单果质量、果实维生素C和有机酸含量,对果实可溶性固形物、总糖、着色面积等无显著影响,提高了果实产量,极显著提高了果园的经济产值。Compared with common pruning in Loess hilly and gully region of Northern Shaanxi,the effects of renewal pruning on mountain apple tree＇s nutrition and growth at full productive age had been determined.The results showed that renewal pruning increased nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,calcium contents in leaves and branches,and increased nitrogen,potassium and calcium contents in fruit,reduced nitrogen and calcium contents in roots,but had no significant effects on phosphorus content in fruit,phosphorus and potassium contents in roots.Renewal pruning significantly increased the proportion of long branch and medium branch,significantly reduced the proportion of short branch and leafage branch,and promoted branch robust development.Renewal pruning increased leaf area,chlorophyll content,fruit weight,fruit vitamin C and organic acid contents,but had no significant effects on fruit firmness,soluble solids,total sugar,and coloring area.Renewal pruning increased fruit yields and significantly improved orchard economic value.

关 键 词：苹果 更新修剪 树体营养 生长 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]