环境污染和经济增长的关系  

Relationship between Environmental Pollution and Economic Growth

作　　者：张成[1] 朱乾龙[1] 同申 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学经济学院 [2]中国人民大学经济学院和国际学院

出　　处：《统计研究》2011年第1期59-67,共9页Statistical Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“贯彻落实科学发展观与深化垄断行业改革--大型国有垄断企业的治理结构和政府规制结构研究”(07&ZD015)的资助

摘　　要：环境库兹涅茨曲线暗含着"同质"假设,即随着经济的增长,各个国家和地区经历着相似的环境影响轨迹。本文在质疑该"同质"假设的前提下,对中国31个省份进行整体和分组检验,结果表明:①环境污染与经济增长的关系具有多种表现形态,这主要取决于地区和污染指标的选取,具体会呈现单调递减、"U"型、倒"U"型、"N"型和倒"N"型五种关系;②不同组别的当前经济水平会给不同污染物带来不同的内生性影响。相对而言,我国在SO2减排上的难度主要存在于高工业化高收入组、高工业化低收入组和低工业化低收入组;在固体废弃物减排上的难度主要存在于低工业化低收入组;在废水减排上的难度主要存在于低工业化高收入组和低工业化低收入组。因此,政府应当因地制宜,有针对性地提高环境规制强度、优化环境规制形式,实现环境保护和经济增长的"双赢"。The Environmental Kuznets Curve implies a homogeneous assumption which means that with the development of economy,similar environmental impacts would happened on various countries and regions.Based upon questioning the homogeneous assumption,this paper takes overall and packet tests on the 31 provinces of China,and the results show that：（1）Environmental pollution and economic growth has a variety of forms,which mainly depends on the selection of regions and pollution indexes,and the specific relations could be monotone decreasing,＂U＂shape,inverted ＂U＂shape,＂N＂shape and inverted＂N＂shape;（2）Different groups＇current economic level will give different endogenous effect to different pollutant.Relatively,the difficulty of SO2 emission reduction mainly exists in the group of high level industry-high income,group of high level industry-low income and group of low level industry-low income;the difficulty of solids waste emission reduction mainly exists in the group of low level industry-low income;the difficulty of waste water emission reduction mainly exists in the group of low level industry-high income,and group of low level industry-low income.Therefore,the government should adjust measures to local conditions,increase the strength of environmental regulation and optimize the forms of environmental regulation,thus to realize the win-win situation between the protection of environment and economic growth.

关 键 词：环境污染 经济增长 环境库兹涅茨曲线 双赢 

分 类 号：C812[社会学—统计学]