广东红海湾银杏齿喙鲸组织中HCH的残留水平与分布特征  

Residue level and distribution characteristics of HCHs in tissues of Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale (Mesoplodon ginkgodens) from Honghai Bay,Guangdong Province,China

作　　者：刘会[1,2] 甘居利[1] 贾晓平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,农业部南海渔业资源环境重点野外科学观测试验站,广东广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学海洋学院,上海210306

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2011年第1期7-12,共6页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：科技部社会公益研究专项资金项目(2005DIB3J021);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2007ZD04);广东省科技兴海重大项目(A200099E01)

摘　　要：为了解HCH在中国近岸海域哺乳动物体内的积累状况,本文用Agilent 6890 N型气相色谱仪、DB-1701型毛细管色谱柱和63Ni放射源微电子捕获检测器,测定了中国广东红海湾银杏齿喙鲸(Mesoplodon ginkgodens)鲸体中∑HCH(α-HCH、β-HCH,γ-HCH和δ-HCH)的含量,并分析其组成特征和残留水平。结果表明:在该鲸5种组织中,∑HCH湿重含量范围是(3.6～125)×10-9,其高低顺序为鲸脂>肝脏>胃>肌肉>肾脏>心脏>胰腺>肺。不同组织中的HCH含量与其组织中的脂肪含量呈显著正相关(r=0.996,p=0.01)。与国外文献报道的数据比较,本分析的鲸脂中ΣHCH含量相对较低,但肝、肌肉中ΣHCH平均含量分别为17.1×10-9、9.5×10-9,是南海北部陆架海域3种金线鱼属鱼类肝、肌肉内ΣHCH平均含量的32.9倍、36.6倍。在该鲸体内4种HCH同分异构体中,β-HCH所占比例最高,在各组织中所占的比例分别为62.5%(鲸脂),31.6%(肝脏),50.1%(胃),45.8%(肌肉),48.6%(肾脏),56.1%(心脏),63.8%(胰腺)和100%(肺),平均值为57.3%,据此推测该鲸所栖息的海域主要受早期工业品HCH残留的影响为主。In order to study the accumulation of HCH in the mammals from the coastal water in China,the author determined the HCH in Mesoplodon ginkgodens and analyzed its residue level and distribution characteristics collected from Honghai Bay,Guangdong Province.The HCH were determined by gas chromatograph equipped with capillary column DB-1701（30 m×0.32 mm×0.25 μm）and 63Ni micro electric capture detector.The results showed that the content of ∑HCH（α-HCH,β-HCH,γ-HCH andδ-HCH） ranged from 3.6 to 125×10-9（wet weight）,and positively related to the lipid content in different tissues（r=0.996,p=0.01）.The HCH content in the tissues from high to low was in blubber,liver,stomach,mussel,kidney,heart,pancreas and lung.Compared with other cetaceans in different waters,the content level of ∑HCH in the blubber of whale sample was relatively low.The mean content of HCH in liver and mussel was 32.9 and 36.6 times the level of that in Nemipterus fish from continental shelf of northern South China Sea.Among the four isomers,β-HCH was the highest in all tissues,occupying 62.5% in the blubber,36.1% in the liver,50.1% in the stomach,45.8% in the mussel,48.6% in the kidney,56.1% in the heart,63.8 % in the pancreas and 100% in the lung,and the average was 57.3%.It showed that it was polluted by residual HCH from early industrial products.

关 键 词：HCH 银杏齿喙鲸 残留水平 分布特征 红海湾 

分 类 号：Q331[生物学—遗传学]