留置胃管所致患者不适反应程度及相关因素调查  

Study of discomfort responses caused by indwelling gastric tubes and the related factors

作　　者：张艳[1] 王娜卿[2] 刘均娥[3] 郎韧[4] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院护理部,北京市100020 [2]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院妇产科,北京市100020 [3]首都医科大学护理学院,北京市100069 [4]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院肝胆胰脾外科,北京市100020

出　　处：《护理管理杂志》2011年第1期10-12,共3页Journal of Nursing Administration

摘　　要：目的调查留置胃管患者的不适程度及其影响因素。方法采用描述性研究设计,对外科系统200例留置胃管的住院患者进行调查。内容包括:一般资料、放置胃管时的不适反应、留置胃管期间的不适反应及程度。结果放置胃管时的不适反应包括鼻咽部疼痛(90.00%)、流泪(72.00%)、恶心(60.00%)、呛咳(39.00%)、呕吐(35.00%),轻度不适45.00%,中度不适48.50%,重度不适6.50%。留置胃管期间各种不适反应有鼻咽部疼痛,恶心呕吐,口渴难忍,咳嗽痰多,口腔不适;同时是否一次置管成功以及放置胃管时的不适反应程度是影响患者留置胃管期间不适程度的主要因素。结论留置胃管患者均存在不同程度的不适反应,护理人员应根据导致患者不适程度的影响因素给予针对性的护理干预,从而提高患者对胃管的耐受性,减轻不适感,降低患者自行拔管的概率。Objective To investigate the degree of discomfort responses caused by indwelling gastric tubes and analyze influential factors. Methods The descriptive - designed research involved 200 cases of patients with indwelling gastric tubes in surgical departments. They were investigated about their general information, discomfort responses during the course of inserting tube and the indwelling period. Results The discomfort responses caused by inserting gastric tubes included throat discomfort （90.00%）, tears （72.00%）, nausea （60.00%）, bucking（ 39.00% ） and vomiting （ 35.00% ）. And there were 45.00% patients in the mild level,48.50% patients in the moderate level, and 6.50% patients in the severe level. The discomfort responses during the indwelling course were nasopharyngeal pain, nausea, vomiting, thirst, cough, sputum, and oral discomfort. Whether gastric tubes was inserted successfully by one time or not and the discomfort degrees when inserting were the influencing factors of the discomfort responses during the indwelling course. Conclusion All patients with indwelling gastric tubes have different levels of discomfort responses. Nurses should take specific measures based on the above influencing factors to improve the tolerance of patients with indwelling gastric tubes and reduce their discomfort degrees and thereby to decrease the rate of self - extubation.

关 键 词：留置胃管 不适反应 护理 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]