岸坡特定生态系统对河渠微型生物群落的影响  

Ecological effects of special riverine ecosystem on microbial community construction

作　　者：吴义锋[1] 吕锡武[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学能源与环境学院,南京210096

出　　处：《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第1期150-154,共5页Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51009027);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项资助项目(2009ZX07101-009);浙江省水利厅科技资助项目(RB0914)

摘　　要：采用多孔混凝土为河渠生态护岸载体,联合绿色植物、微生物构建河渠岸坡特定生态系统,以岸坡硬质护砌的河渠为实验对照,研究该系统对河渠中微型生物群落的胁迫效应.经过15 d的PFU微型生物采集,具有岸坡特定生态系统的实验渠中检出微型生物60种,自养型微生物占46.7%,而对照渠中检出微型生物68种,异养型微生物占55.9%;实验渠中微型生物群集速率为0.95,5 d时生物多样性指数达到峰值2.43,实现物种平衡的时间为2.42 d;空白渠中微型生物群集速率为0.54,达到物种平衡的时间为4.19 d,群集过程中物种多样性指数小于实验渠.结果表明,岸坡的护砌方式对河渠微型生物群落的结构和功能均产生生态影响,岸坡特定生态系统能强化水生生态系统的自我调节能力,在有效改善水质的同时,修复和完善水生生态系统.An experimental model was made to study the influence of a special riverine ecosystem on microbial community construction using ecological embankments consisted of porous concrete,microorganism and hydrophytes.The microbial community in test channel was monitored by PFU methods and compared with those in the same size channel with hard embankments.The results show that after 15d cluster course of PFU（polyurethane foam unit）,60 kinds of microorganism are detected in experimental channel,and the ratio of vegetal flagellate reaches 46.7%.On the contrary,68 kinds of microorganisms are detected in control channel,only 36.8% for vegetal flagellate,55.9% for heterotrophic microorganisms.The embankment status of riverine zones have a significant influence on the ecosystem,the cluster rate of microorganism in experimental channel is 0.95,and the biodiversity indexes of the community reach a peak of 2.43 in 5 d.The cluster rate in control channel is only 0.54,and the biodiversity indexes of the community are very low,and it takes 4.19 d to reach a species balance,while it is only 2.42 d for experimental channel.The special riverine ecosystem is effective to enhance the self-adjusting capacity of whole aquatic ecosystem and improve the water quality as well.

关 键 词：多孔混凝土 岸坡特定生态系统 微型生物群落 水质 

分 类 号：X5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]