印度水资源及其开发利用情况分析  

Water Resources and Water Use in India

作　　者：钟华平[1] 王建生[1] 杜朝阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,南京210029

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2011年第1期151-155,共5页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAB42B02)

摘　　要：在阐述印度水资源状况的基础上,分析了其水资源开发利用情况,论述了印度水资源及其开发利用存在的问题,比较了中印两国水资源开发利用指标。结果表明:印度水资源主要分布在布拉马普特拉河和恒河流域,农业灌溉是用水大户,主要问题表现在水资源短缺、水污染、地下水超采和跨界河流水争端等几方面。印度水资源管理主要是农业灌溉用水管理和与邻国合作开发利用国际河流水资源。Based on explaining the situation of water resources in India, this paper analyzes India＇s water resources exploitation and utilization, discussed its existing issues in terms of water resources and water use, and then compares the water use indices between China and India. The re suits show that water resources in India mainly distribute in the Brahmapntra River and the Ganges River,and agricultural irrigation is one of the major water users. The main issues for India＇s water resources and water use are water shortage, water pollution,groundwater overexploitation and water use conflicts in transboundary rivers. India＇s water resources management is mainly in charge of the irrigation water use and coopera tion with the neighboring countries to develop and utilize water resources of international rivers.

关 键 词：印度 水资源 国际河流 地下水 水污染 灌溉 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源] X37[环境科学与工程—环境工程]