梨树形改造与优化技术研究  

Study on Modifying and Optimization Technology of Tree Form in Pear Tree

作　　者：赵德英[1] 程存刚[1] 曹玉芬[1] 张少瑜[1] 张彦昌[1] 袁继存 侯贵学 

机构地区：[1]农业部果树种质资源利用重点实验室中国农业科学院果树研究所,辽宁兴城125100

出　　处：《北方园艺》2011年第1期1-4,共4页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：2010年农业部农技推广与体系建设(标准园创建)资助项目;国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2008BAD92B08-2-2);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资助项目(nycytx-29-2);公益性行业(农业)科研专项资助项目(nyhyzx07-026)

摘　　要：针对乔砧密植梨园树形紊乱、树冠郁闭、通风透光不良、产量低和品质差等问题,以‘锦丰’梨为试材,开展树体改造和优化技术研究。结果表明:树体改造改善了枝类组成和枝条的空间分布特征,改造树树冠内的温度、湿度和光照条件明显好于对照,内膛叶片的饱和光强、光补偿点和光合能力均显著提高,树体的产量和品质大幅度增加,树体改造和优化技术研究为梨树密植园的改造提供了有力的理论支撑。Aiming at the problems such as tree disorders,overcrowded canopy,poor ventilation and light,low yields and poor quality,the tree form modifying and optimization technology was carried out with ＇Jinfeng＇ pear as materials.The results showed that tree modifying improved the shoot types and spatial distribution of branches.The temperature,humidity and light conditions of crown were significantly better than the control,the saturated light,light compensation point and photosynthetic capacity of internal leaves significantly increased.The yield and quality of the tree increased significantly.The tree form modifying and optimization technology provided a strong theoretical support for the transformation of high-density pear orchard.

关 键 词：梨树 树形改造 结构优化 空间分布 微域环境 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]