土壤水分垂直分布对建植当年柳枝稷的影响  

Effect of Soil Water Spatial Distribution Pattern on Switchgrass During First Growing Season

作　　者：李继伟[1,2] 左海涛[2] 李青丰[1] 范希峰[1] 侯新村[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010019 [2]北京草业与环境研究发展中心,北京100097

出　　处：《草地学报》2011年第1期43-50,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：北京市科技计划(Z09050600630901);北京市农林科学院青年科研基金(QNJJ201019)资助

摘　　要：为了明确柳枝稷（Panicumvirgatum L.cv.Alamo）对土壤水分垂直分布条件的适应性、根系分布规律及生长特点,以便更好地确立根区水分最优调控措施,采用土柱法研究了不同土壤水分垂直分布特征对建植当年柳枝稷地上植株和根系指标的影响。结果表明：与对照相比,0-60 cm和0-120 cm土层土壤体积含水量低于10%时,除地上生物量和籽粒产量差异不显著外,其他指标均有显著差异（P〈0.05）,其中倒三叶长度分别降低12.5%和22.1%、宽度分别降低5.7%和18.4%、总叶绿素含量分别降低7.5%和10.6%、地下生物量分别降低56.5%和58.6%、根长分别降低41.0%和40.7%、根表面积分别降低45.6%和49.4%、根体积分别降低51.1%和56.0%,但地上生物量的水分利用效率分别提高17.5%和88.5%。表层0-60 cm灌水条件下,柳枝稷的根长、根表面积、地上生物量、籽粒产量和各土层根系生物量与对照差异不显著,但地上生物量的水分利用效率提高了111.0%。随着灌水层深度的增加,根系的生物量重心由62.9 cm（CK）下降至71.2 cm,不同直径的根系表现出了不同的适应情况。The purpose of this study is to reveal root spatial distribution patterns,growing characteristics and the adaptivity of switchgrass（Panicum virgatum L.cv.Alamo） to different soil water spatial distribution patterns,and to establish root zone optimal moisture control measures.The effect of soil water spatial distribution on the growth parameters of both aboveground and underground parts of switchgrass was studied through soil column experiments.Results show that except for biomass and seed yield,other growing index were significantly decreased（P〈0.05） when less than 10% soil water available occurs in soil layers of 0-60 cm and 0-120 cm compared with control.Length,breadth and total chlorophyll contents of the top third leaves were reduced 12.5% and 22.1%,5.7% and 18.4%,7.5% and 10.6% in soil layers of 0-60 cm and 0-120 cm compared with control.Underground biomass is reduced 56.5% and 58.6%.Root length is reduced 41.0%and 40.7%;root surface area is reduced 45.6% and 49.4%;and root volume is reduced 51.1% and 56.0%,whereas the water use efficiency of aboveground biomass is increased 17.5% and 88.5%.There were no significant differences in root length,root surface area,aboveground biomass,seed yield,and underground biomass in each treatment under 0-60 cm irrigation compared with CK.However,water use efficiency of aboveground biomass is increased 111.0%.The gravity center of root biomass decreases from 62.9 cm（CK） to 71.2 cm and roots with different diameters have different adaptabilities as irrigation depth increases.

关 键 词：柳枝稷 土壤水分垂直分布 生物量 根系垂直分布 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S216.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]