我国《企业破产法》上破产程序开始的效力及其反思  

Analysing And Rethinking About The Beginning Effects Of The Bankruptcy Procedure In China's Enterprises' Bankruptcy Law

作　　者：李永军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学,北京100088

出　　处：《法学杂志》2011年第2期42-47,143-144,共6页Law Science Magazine

摘　　要：我国现行《企业破产法》承继1986年破产法的基本思路,破产程序开始仍然以法院受理破产案件为始点。但是,按照我国《破产法》之规定,法院受理破产案件,并非意味着一定要宣告债务人破产。但是,从整个制度设计看,只要破产案件被法院受理就要开始破产程序,而破产程序一经开始就要发生一系列效力,如指定管理人接管债务人财产、债权申报、未到期债权到期、债务人的人身自由要受到一定的限制等。如果法院不宣告债务人破产,这些已经经过的程序及损失应如何处理?本文认为,能够恢复的,就恢复;不能恢复的,应当按照过错的不同来承担赔偿责任。另外破产程序开始后对债务人的人身、财产及其他效力在三种程序中是否一致?笔者认为,三种程序有不同。China current bankruptcy law continues basic ideas of the bankruptcy law 1986.In the respect of the sign that predicts the beginning of bankruptcy procedure,it still insists on the time when court hears the case.However,according to Chinese bankruptcy law,hearing a bankruptcy case doesn' t mean an inevitable announce-ment of bankruptcy.But in the light of the whole system design,once a bankruptcy case is heard by the court,the bankruptcy procedure will start and a series of actions will begin,such as designating administrant who will take over the debtor's property,declaring the creditor' s right,becoming due of the undue claims,restricting personal freedom of the debtor.If the court doesn' t announce a debtor bankruptcy,how to deal with the proceedings gone by and the loss suffered? The author contends that the reversible proceedings and loss need restitution.As to the ir-reversible proceedings and loss,liability for compensation should be shared according to the degree of fault.In ad-dition,after the beginning of bankruptcy procedure,are the legal effects to a debtor's freedom,property and other effects consistent in the three different procedures? In writer's view,they do differ in the three procedures.

关 键 词：破产程序 重整 和解 清算 

分 类 号：D922.291.92[政治法律—经济法学]