西安市城市主干道路面径流污染及沉淀特性研究  

Study on pollution and sedimentation property of urban trunk road runoff in Xi'an city

作　　者：陈莹[1] 赵剑强[1] 胡博[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,西安710054

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2011年第2期331-336,共6页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(CHD2009JC118);长安大学基础研究支持计划资助项目

摘　　要：在西安市城市主干道南二环路建立路面径流采样站,利用自制流量等比例采样装置,采集2009年3—11月的34场降雨径流,测试研究径流SS、COD事件平均浓度（EMC）、有机污染物赋存状态,并就降雨特征对径流污染的影响进行相关分析,还采用累积曲线法对16场径流水样进行沉淀实验,研究沉淀对径流中污染物的去除效果。结果表明,城市路面径流SS、COD浓度远高于生活污水且不同场次径流EMC变化显著,SS为421-7 380 mg/L,均值2 128 mg/L,COD为240-1 640 mg/L,均值651 mg/L;降雨量与污染物浓度呈显著负相关,最大降雨强度和降雨历时也与污染物浓度负相关,前期晴天时间与污染物浓度不相关;径流中溶解态有机物约占总有机物的26%,有机物赋存以颗粒态为主;降雨径流SS和COD有线性相关关系;不同场次径流中颗粒物的沉淀性能有较大差异,要达到45%、60%和80%的沉淀去除率,沉淀池的表面负荷分别为1.1-9.3 cm/min、0.6-5.9 cm/min和0.1-2.7 cm/min。Urban trunk road runoff caused by 34 storm events were collected at sampling station built at south second ring road in Xi＇an city using self-made volume proportional collecting device from Mar.to Nov.2009.Event mean concentration（EMC） of SS and COD,as well as occurrence of organic pollutant were tested.The influence of precipitation characteristics on runoff pollution was explored.Pollutant removal efficiency of sedimentation was studied by cumulative curve method using samples collected from 16 storm events in addition.Results show that EMC of SS and COD of urban road runoff vary widely and are dramatically higher than that in domestic sewage.EMC of SS ranges from 421 mg/L to 7 380 mg/L and the average EMC is 2 128 mg/L.EMC of COD ranges from 240 mg/L to 1 640 mg/L and the average EMC is 651 mg/L.Rainfall has most significant impact on pollutant concentration negatively,maximum rain intensity and rain duration are also negatively correlated with pollutant concentration,while antecedent dry period has few relationship with pollutant concentration.Organic pollutant in road runoff is mainly granular-state and the solution-state organic pollutant only accounts for 26 percent of all.The linear regression relation between SS and COD is certainly.Result of settling test shows that the sedimentation property of particles in different runoff events varies widely.In order to achieve sedimentation removal rate of 45%,60% and 80%,surface loads of sedimentation tank are 1.1-9.3 cm/min,0.6-5.9 cm/min and 0.1-2.7 cm/min,respectively.

关 键 词：路面径流 污染 沉淀特性 沉淀实验 径流平均浓度 

分 类 号：X506[环境科学与工程—环境工程]