室内培育条件下青岛文昌鱼性腺的年周期发育  

Annual gonad development of the laboratory-reared amphioxus (Branchiostoma japonicus)

作　　者：马得友[1,2] 尤锋[1] 文爱韵[1,2] 谭训刚[1] 倪静[1] 李靖[3] 徐永立[1] 张培军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所中国科学院实验海洋生物学重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]青岛市海洋与渔业局渔业技术推广站,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋科学》2010年第11期6-13,共8页Marine Sciences

基　　金："863"高技术研究发展计划项目(2008AA092602)

摘　　要：青岛文昌鱼(Branchiostoma japonicus)采自于青岛沙子口海区,在室内进行周年培育。每月采集样品,经测量、固定以及组织切片观察,研究了其周年卵巢和精巢的发育规律。结果表明,室内培育的文昌鱼一周年内全长没有明显变化,仅体质量在繁殖期即其性腺发育至Ⅴ期时有明显增大(P<0.05=,精卵排空后则恢复原来体质量。文昌鱼1 a内在夏季6～7月繁殖1次,能自行排放卵和精子,排空后个体的卵巢或精巢,在适宜的条件下,经历Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ期的发育过程,进行下一轮的性腺发育。文昌鱼精巢在Ⅳ期前先于卵巢发育,两者在Ⅳ期前发育都不同步,精巢处于Ⅳ期时间较长,一般从3月持续到5月,而卵巢处于Ⅳ期一般是在4月～5月。Amphioxus,Branchiostoma japonicus is one of the most precious subjects in the study of animal phylogeny.In recent years,the number of amphioxus has drastically decreased owing to environment changes and over catching.Artificial breeding is needed to provide sufficient supply of amphioxus.Amphioxus was caught from Shazikou natural sea area in Qingdao,and cultivated in our lab for more than one year.The samples were collected and measured,and then fixed monthly.Histological structure of amphioxus gonads was observed under light microscope.From Sep.2008 to Aug.2009,there were nearly no change in total length of amphioxus under indoor condition.As to body weight,there were significant increases only in the reproduction period（i.e.phaseⅤphase of ovaries and testis）（P0.05）,and then dropped to the former weight after reproduction.Amphioxus breeds only one time each year from June to July in summer.The laboratory-reared amphioxus could release eggs and sperm spontaneously.Afterwards,their ovaries and testis went through phaseⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,ⅣandⅤunder suitable conditions,and the gonad proceeded to the next round of annual development.It was also found that development of ovaries as well as testis did not accord until phase Ⅳ,and testis usually entered phase Ⅳand stayed there for a longer time（from March to May） than ovaries（from April to May）.

关 键 词：青岛文昌鱼(Branchiostoma japonicus) 室内培育 性腺发育 年周期 组织学 

分 类 号：Q418[生物学—生理学]