某待建滨海核电厂厂址年均大气扩散因子计算模式与参数的实验研究  

EXPERIMENTALSTUDYOFAMODELANDPARAMETERS CALCULATINGANNUALMEANATMOSPHERIC DISPERSIONFACTORFORANUCLEARPOWERPLANT TOBEBUILDINCOASTALSITE

作　　者：胡二邦[1] 陈家宜[2] 张茂栓[1] 高占荣[1] 姚仁太[1] 贾沛荣 乔清党[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国辐射防护研究院,太原030006 [2]北京大学地球物理系 [3]核工业第二研究设计院,北京100840

出　　处：《辐射防护》1999年第5期321-332,共12页Radiation Protection

摘　　要：本文在某待建滨海核电厂址现场野外实验基础上提出了计算该核电厂年均大气扩散因子的计算模型。此模型既考虑了向岸流与离岸流的差别，又考虑了混合层与热内边界层、混合释放与扩散参数随陆距变化等因素的综合影响。模型中所需要的各类参数，包括在１９９５、１９９６年间在该厂址野外大气试验中获取的百米气象铁塔４ 个不同高度上的风、温逐时三维联合频率；湍流测量结合风洞模拟实验获取的离岸流与向岸流的扩散参数；在三个位置上冬、夏两期低空风、温测量获取的海陆风及热内边界层的有关参数。对本模式与目前常用的导则推荐模式的计算结果作了比较。结果表明，目前常用模式因未考虑热内边界层影响等因素而低估了年均扩散因子，对于最关注的向岸流最大年均扩散因子低估约１ 倍左右。Thispapertriesto develop anew m odelcalculating annualm ean atmosphericdis persion factorforanuclearpowerplanttobebuildin coastalsitebasedon fieldexperim ents. This m odelconsiders notonly the difference between shoreward and off shore butalso the com prehensive effectoffollowing factors: m ixed layerand therm alinternalboundary layer, m ixing releaseand variation ofdiffusionparametersduetothedistancefrom coastand so on. The variousparametersneeded in the m odelare obtained from the field atm osphericexperi ments doneon theNPPsiteduring 1995～1996. Threedimension jointfrequencyisgotfrom wind and tem peraturem easurements at4 heights ofa towerof100 m ; diffusion param eters shoreward and off shore from turbulentm easurem entand wind tunnelsimulation test; the param etersrelative to sea and land breeze and thermalinternalboundary layerare obtained from testswith low altituderadiosondeand lostballoon at3 sitesduring twoperiodsofSum merand Winter.Finally a comparison oftheresultsgiven by thismodeland comm only used m odelprovided by relative guides is done. The com parison showsthatabout1 tim es under estim ation is found forthe maximum ofannualmean atm ospheric dispersion factor in com mon modelbecausethe effectfrom therm alinternalboundary layerand otherfactorsarene glected. (

关 键 词：核电厂址 热内边界层 年均 大气扩散因子 实验 

分 类 号：TM623.1[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]