封丘县土壤盐分的演变特征研究  

Study on Evolution of Soil Salinity in Fengqiu County

作　　者：李开丽[1,2] 陈杰[3] 檀满枝[1] 密术晓[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京210008 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]郑州大学自然资源与生态环境研究所,郑州450001

出　　处：《土壤》2010年第6期966-971,共6页Soils

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KSCX1-YW-09-02);国家自然科学基金项目(40701070);中国科学院南京土壤研究所创新前沿项目(ISSASIP0716)资助

摘　　要：世界上影响灌溉农业最大的问题是盐渍化问题。中国是受土壤盐渍化影响的大国。盐碱化曾是限制封丘县农业生产的四大自然灾害之一。本文基于40个土壤剖面数据,结合第二次土壤普查的盐土数据,对封丘县的土壤盐分的时空特征进行了系统研究。结果表明:27年来封丘县土壤盐分含量大幅下降,盐碱土作为土壤发生类型只存在于极个别微域景观;土壤含盐量较高的区域集中分布在东南部,与地下水埋深趋势相吻合,但只有东南角部分地区含盐量超过0.293dS/m为盐化土。地下水位下降是土壤盐分降低的主要原因。盐分聚集在40cm以下,并未脱离土体。封丘县存在土壤盐碱化的自然条件,一旦水文地质条件发生变化,土壤盐渍化仍然可能发生。Salinity perhaps is the most important problem affecting irrigation agriculture in the world,particularly in China.Soil salinization had ever been one of the four natural disasters which limited the agricultural productivity in Fengqiu county.Based on the data of 40 soil profiles newly observed together with the saline soil data obtained in 1981,a systematic study was carried out on the spatio-temporal characters of soil salinity.Results showed that the soil salinity have descended significantly during the past 27 years,saline soils,while regarded as genetic types,are present only in a few micro-landscapes.At present,the soils with relatively higher salt content are mainly distributed in the southeast of the study area and approximately in accordance with the trend of groundwater depth.The salinized soils with EC higher than 0.293 dS/m are only found in the limited strips in southeast corner of the study region.It is concluded that groundwater recession play an important role in the descending of the soil salinity.And accumulation of soil salt in the profiles at a depth 40 cm below the surface indicated that soil secondary salinization could occur whenever the matchable geohydrologic conditions come back again.

关 键 词：封丘县 土壤盐分 电导率 分布特征 时空演变 

分 类 号：S156.49[农业科学—土壤学]