海口市大中专学校一年级学生乙肝知识、态度、行为调查分析  

ANALYSIS OF FRESHMEN’S ATTITUDES,BEHAVIOR AND KNOWLEDGE ON HEPATITIS B IN COLLEGE,JUNIOR COLLEGE AND TECHNICAL SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN HAIKOU

作　　者：裴正春[1] 黄淑平[1] 

机构地区：[1]海口市疾病预防控制中心,海口570102

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2011年第3期514-517,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]了解海口市大中专学生乙肝防治知识、态度、行为的情况以及学校乙肝防治健康宣教工作的开展情况,为制定健康教育措施提供参考依据。[方法]采用自制问卷对海口市4所大学、2所大专院校和1所中专院校共813名一年级新生进行调查,并用SPSS11.5对结果进行统计分析。[结果]大中专学校新生的乙肝防治知识问题的回答正确率在39.9%～85.6%之间,在传播途径方面的问题中,性接触传播、纹眉纹身传播、拔牙传播、共用剃须刀传播这几种传播方式的知晓率均低于50%;本科学生、专科学生、中专学生的乙肝防治知识平均得分之间的差异有统计学意义(F=68.063,P﹤0.05),其中本科学生最高,中专学生最低。中专学校新生乙肝行为、态度的平均得分低于本科和专科学生;行为态度的得分、知识的得分、学历的高低两两之间均有相关性。学生们获得乙肝相关知识的主要途径为电视(64%)和报刊书籍(56%),比较受学生们欢迎的宣传教育方式有讲座(45.7%)、宣传栏(39.8%)、免费宣传材料(39.5%)。[结论]大中专学校新生们的乙肝防治知识水平有待提高,预防乙肝的行为、态度也需得到指导,特别是中专学生表现出最大的需要,因此,有必要采用比较受学生们欢迎的形式在学校开展与乙肝相关的健康教育。[Objective] To find out health education about hepatitis B for college students, junior colleges students and technical secondary school students in Haikou, to provide us with information for references when making heath education plans. [Methods] 813 freshmen from 4 universities, 2 junior colleges and 1 technical secondary school were surveyed by using self-designed questionnaires, and the date were analyzed by spss11.5. [Results] The accuracy rate of their knowledge about hepatitis B was between 39.9% and 85.6%.They did not have a full knowledge of how hepatitis B spreads such as sexual contact, eyebrow and body tattoos, tooth extraction, sharing of razors with the awareness rate only being below 50%. Differences of the average scores of the tests concerning knowledge of hepatitis B between college students, junior colleges students and technical secondary school students were of statistically significance. The scores of behaviors and attitudes, those of knowledge and their educational backgrounds were related each other. The main channels for the students to know hepatitis B were watching TV （64%） and reading books or magazines （56%）, and they prefered to learn about this by attending lectures （45.7%）, bulletin board （39.8%） and receiving free introduction materials （39.5%）. [Conclusion] Knowledge of hepatitis B among freshmen is inadequate and their behaviors and attitudes need to be guided too, especially for technical secondary school students. As a result, it is necessary to offer interrelated health education in form that students welcome.

关 键 词：大中专新生 乙肝 知识 态度 行为 调查 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学]