黔南州的麻风畸残  

LEPROSY DISABILITY IN QIANNAN

作　　者：吴昌华[1] 吴芙蓉[1] 赵芳[1] 古明宏 

机构地区：[1]贵州省黔南州疾病预防控制中心,都匀558000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2011年第3期547-549,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]全面了解黔南州麻风存活者畸残态势,为畸残预防及康复提供依据。[方法]以全部麻风存活者为调查对象,按统一的"麻风畸残记录表"逐个检查。[结果]麻风畸残率48.95%、男性48.74%、女性49.55%,汉族51.44%、苗族51.42%、布依族46.06%、水族50.88%,其他民族40.00%,性别及民族差异无统计学意义;年龄增加,延迟诊断期的延长麻风畸残率及Ⅱ级畸残构成比随之递增;少菌型畸残率51.51%、多菌型畸残率47.86%,差异无统计学意义,Ⅱ级畸残构成比少菌型(77.56%)明显高于多菌型(60.85%);贵州省方案和DDS单疗畸残率53.82%,Ⅱ级畸残构成比73.38%,MDT方案畸残率42.74%,Ⅱ级畸残构成比54.40%,贵州省方案和DDS单疗的畸残率、Ⅱ级畸残构成比均明显高于MDT方案;畸残部位Ⅰ级畸残者中一个部位畸残构成比高于Ⅱ级,而Ⅱ级畸残者中多个部位高于Ⅰ级。[结论]麻风畸残发生及发展与年龄增加、延迟诊断期延长、麻风型别、治疗方案有关。Ⅰ级畸残发生部位最多是足,Ⅱ级畸残发生部位最多是手,手、足均为Ⅰ、Ⅱ级畸残次之,畸残Ⅰ级向Ⅱ级发展时亦向多部位损害发展。[Objective] To find out the situation of living lepers comprehensively, to make the basis for prevention and rehabilitation. [Methods] Checked all the living lepers one by one in accordance with the record of the leprosy disability. [Results] Leprosy disability rate was 48.95% , the rate of that for male was 48.74% , female was 49.55%. And the rate for Han, Miao, Buyi, Shui and other ethnic minority was 51.44%, 51.42%, 46.06%, 50.88% and 40.00% respectively. The difference in gender and ethnic had no statistical significance. Along with the increasing age and delayed diagnosis, leprosy disability rate and the constituent ratio of Grade Ⅱ disability increased. Leprosy disability rate of PB was 51.51%, the rate of MB was 47.86% . The difference was not statistical significance. In Grade Ⅱ disability, constituent ratio of PB accounted for 77.56%, which was higher than that of MB （60.85%） obviously. Under the program of Guizhou Province and DDS monotherapy, leprosy disability rate was 53.82%, and constituent ratio was 73.38%. While under the program of MDT, the constituent ratio was 42.74% and 54.40% respectively, which was lower than those of the former programs （Guizhou Province program and DDS Monotherapy）. Compared with GradeⅡ, GradeⅠleprosy disability mostly appeared in one part. [Conclusion] The incidence of leprosy disability correlates with patient’s age, diagnosis time, type of leprosy and the treatment. GradeⅠleprosy disability mostly appears in foot while gradeⅡ in hand. For gradeⅠ or gradeⅡ, the probability of occurrence that leprosy disability appears both in the foot and hand is not high. When the degree of leprosy disability upgrades from grade Ⅰto gradeⅡ, the part where leprosy disability appears easily develops from one place to many others.

关 键 词：麻风 畸残 损害部位 

分 类 号：R755[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]