太阳能蒸馏器非稳态传热传质问题的研究  

STUDY ON UNSTEADY HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER OF SOLAR STILL

作　　者：左潞[1] 郑源[1] 李振杰[1] 沙玉俊[2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学能源与电气学院,南京210098 [2]清华大学机械工程学院,北京100084

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2010年第12期1591-1597,共7页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：河海大学自然科学基金(2007419611)

摘　　要：建立了太阳能蒸馏器的非稳态物理数学模型,对其进行了传热、传质问题的研究,分析结果与试验结果吻合较好。结果表明:海水蒸发是海水温度和△T共同作用的结果。温度差是驱动海水蒸发的动力,水温对水表面蒸发有重要影响。在任何温度下,表面蒸发都可进行,但对蒸馏器来说,只有水温超过40℃,且△T为正值时,才有显著的蒸发,收到可观的淡水。高峰产水区主要在下午与傍晚时段,此时段占整个昼夜的比例不大,但是其对日产水量的贡献却是主要的。随着海水深度的增加,瞬时产水量白天减少,晚上增加,日产水量减少;当水深大于10cm时,日产水量变化不大;随着环境风速的增加,瞬时产水量白天增加,晚上减少,风速对日产水量的影响很小,但强风使日产水量有所下降。The unsteady physical mathematics model of solar still was establishes and the heat and mass transfer was analyzed. The theoretical predictions were identical with the experimental results. The results show that seawater evaporation is the result of collective action of the seawater temperature and inner glass temperature A T. The difference between seawater and inner glass temperature A T is the power of seawater evaporation, and the seawater temperature has an important influence on the evaporation of the surface seawater. The seawater can evaporate in any temperature, but, for still, the surface water can be evaporated prominently and can get much freshwater, only when the temperature exceeds 40℃ and when A T is positive. The peak periods of distillate yield are mainly on afternoons and evenings, which, though takes up little in the whole day and night, have mainly contributed to daily distillate yield. With the increase of the seawater depth, the transient distillate yield becomes less in the day time and becomes more at night. And the total daily distillate yield decreases. When the depth is more than 10cm, there are few changes in the daily distillate yield. With the increase of wind speed, the transient distillate yield increases in the day time and decreases at nights. Wind speed has a little influenee on daily distillate yield, but strong wind can reduce the daily distillate yield.

关 键 词：太阳能蒸馏器 海水蒸发 传热传质 

分 类 号：TK519[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]