平定高速公路沿线近40年气候特征分析  

Analysis on Climatical Characteristic along Ping-Ding Freeway in Past 40 Years

作　　者：奥银焕[1] 王毅 张得文 罗斯琼[1] 文小航[1] 毛云程 王小勇[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃长达路业有限责任公司,甘肃兰州730030 [3]甘肃省交通科学研究所,甘肃兰州730050 [4]甘肃省气象局,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《高原气象》2010年第6期1602-1608,共7页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：西部交通建设科技项目"气象灾害对平定高速公路边坡的影响及防治技术研究"(O756671001);国家科技支撑项目"极端天气气候事件的监测;诊断和预测业务系统的建立"(2007BAC29B04)共同资助

摘　　要：利用过去近40年平定高速公路沿线(下称平定沿线)6个测站的地面气温和雨量等实测资料,分析了平定沿线气象条件对公路边坡病害的影响。结果表明:在全球气候变暖的大背景下,平定沿线区域的气温呈上升趋势,降水呈减少趋势,土壤冻结厚度变浅。但公路东、西段的小区域气候仍存在一定差异。可将公路沿线6个测站划分为东段半湿润区(泾川至平凉段)和西段半干旱区(定西至会宁段)。半干旱区的定西路段降雨量少、强度大;气温低,气温变率大,年气温倾向率(增温)较大;土壤冻结早,解冻晚,厚度深,表层冻融过程发生频繁。半湿润区的平凉路段,降雨量大,大雨及暴雨发生频次多,降水强度大;气温高,年增温率较高;土壤冻结晚,解冻早,冻结厚度薄。At the big background of the climate warm up on the global,as other place on the global,along the Ping-ding freeway region,the air temperature present go up trend,precipitation present decrease trend,soil frozen thickness become shallow.But all the same being obvious climate difference on the freeway east and west segment small region.By analysis weather observation data of 6 stations along the freeway in past 40 years,according as need of project study,we primary plot total along the freeway the line region as two segments,semi-wetness region（Jingchuan to Pingliang） at the east segment and semiarid region（Dingxi to Huining） at the west segment.At the semiarid region representative segment Dingxi,character of climate is precipitation decrease,precipitation intensity is strong;air temperature is low,air temperature change ratio is big,year average air temperature trend ratio（temperature go up） is bigger;soil frozen early and thaw lateness,soil frozen thickness deep,but surface layer process of frozen and thaw high frequency.At the semi-wetness region representative segment Pingliang,character of climate is precipitation increscent,heavy rain and rainstorm high frequency,precipitation intensity augment;air temperature high,annual air temperature go up ratio bigger;soil frozen lateness and thaw early,soil frozen thickness shallow.

关 键 词：半湿润区 半干旱区 气温倾向率 降雨强度 冻结厚度 

分 类 号：P463.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]