某石拱桥连续倒塌模拟及构件重要性评价  

Progressive Collapse Simulation and Components Importance Evaluation of a Stone Arch Bridge

作　　者：卢啸[1] 陆新征[1] 张劲泉[2] 宋建永[2] 叶列平[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学土木工程系,北京100084 [2]交通部公路科学研究院,北京100088

出　　处：《兰州交通大学学报》2010年第6期25-30,共6页Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50808106);交通部西部交通建设科技项目(2008-318-223-43)

摘　　要：桥梁是国民经济重要的生命线工程,因此桥梁的安全事故会造成严重财产损失和人员伤亡.随着计算机技术的不断进步,计算机仿真在探求桥梁事故原因方面有着良好的应用前景.以近年来损失最为严重的石拱桥连续倒塌事故为例,利用大型通用有限元软件MSC.Marc,建立了石拱桥的精细化3D有限元模型,通过接触算法和生死单元对整个倒塌过程进行了仿真模拟,分析了可能的倒塌原因,并从结构广义刚度的概念出发,对石拱桥的各个部位进行了重要性评价.研究结果表明:模拟的倒塌过程与实际倒塌过程基本吻合,分析得到的石拱桥关键区域正确合理,可为拱桥的工程设计与施工提供参考.Bridges are important lifeline projects,so the collapse accidents of bridge will cause significant casualties and property losses.Computer simulation has a bright future to discover the reasons of bridge accidents.Taking the progressive collapse accidents of stone arch bridges which suffered greatest in recent years for example,this paper establishes a 3D finite element（FE） model of stone arch bridges with the general-purpose finite element program-MSC.Marc.The process of collapse is simulated with the contact algorithm and the deactivation of elements,and the possible reasons of the collapse are analyzed.Furthermore,the importance of different components of the stone arch bridge is indexed with the conception of the generalized stiffness of structure,so as to get the most critical regions of the stone arch bridge.The results show that the process of collapse simulated in this work agrees well with the actual process and the predicted critical regions are correct and reasonable,which provides references for design,construction and maintenance of arch bridge.

关 键 词：石拱桥 连续倒塌 计算机仿真 生死单元 关键区域 

分 类 号：U447[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]