氯胺和联合氯胺控制消毒副产物的研究  

Study on control of disinfection by-products with chloramines and combined chloramines

作　　者：王海鸥[1] 陈忠林[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古工业大学土木工程学院,呼和浩特010051 [2]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《黑龙江大学自然科学学报》2010年第6期764-767,773,共5页Journal of Natural Science of Heilongjiang University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50578052);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)专题课题(2007AA06Z339);内蒙古工业大学科学研究基金资助项目(X200705)

摘　　要：采用几种组合消毒工艺：短时游离氯后转为氯胺的顺序消毒工艺（以Cl2＋NH3表示）、氯胺消毒（NH2Cl）、短时二氧化氯消毒后转为氯胺的顺序消毒工艺（ClO2＋NH2Cl）和短时臭氧消毒后转为氯胺的顺序消毒工艺（O3＋NH2Cl）进行小试研究。结果表明,改变消毒工艺,有效的控制了消毒副产物的生成量。进水相同时,氯胺消毒工艺比传统的游离氯消毒工艺产生的氯仿减少了71.8%~87.2%,二氯乙酸减少了58.2%~76.3%,三氯乙酸减少了89.0%~96.8%。采用ClO2＋NH2Cl和O3＋NH2Cl消毒,消毒副产物的生成量与单独氯胺消毒相比进一步的降低。通过消毒副产物的致癌风险性分析,改变消毒工艺可以显著降低氯化消毒的致癌风险性。Laboratory-scale test was carried out for some types combined disinfection process： short term free chlorine plus chloramines disinfection（Cl2＋NH3）,chloramines disinfection（NH2Cl）,short term chlorine dioxide plus chloramines disinfection（ClO2＋NH2Cl） and short term ozone plus chloramines disinfection（O3＋NH2Cl）.The result shows that use of alternate disinfectants can availably control the concentration disinfection by-products.In the case of the same influent,chloroform,dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid produced in chloramines disinfection process are respectively 71.8%～87.2%,58.2%～76.3% and 89.0%～96.8% lower than those in conventional free chlorine disinfection process.The disinfection by-product level in water that disinfected by ClO2＋NH2Cl and O3＋NH2Cls was remarkably lower than what was treated only by chloramines.Through the analysis of the carcinogenic risk of disinfection by-products,changing the disinfection process can significantly reduce the carcinogenic risk of chlorination.

关 键 词：氯胺消毒 消毒副产物(DBPs) 三卤甲烷(THMs) 卤乙酸(HAAs) 致癌风险 

分 类 号：TU991.25[建筑科学—市政工程]