超细Co-B非晶态合金的制备及其催化乙腈加氢性能  

PREPARATION OF ULTRAFINE Co B AMORPHOUS ALLOY CATALYST AND ITS CATALYTIC PERFORMANCE IN HYDROGENATION OF ACETONITRILE

作　　者：王明辉[1] 李和兴[1] 邓景发[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学化学系,上海200234 [2]复旦大学化学系,上海200433

出　　处：《催化学报》1999年第5期548-552,共5页

基　　金：上海市"曙光计划"资助

摘　　要：报道了 一种用 于乙腈加 氢的 新 型 复合 型 催化 剂 超细 Ｃｏ Ｂ 非 晶 态合 金（ 粒 径 ６０ ｎ ｍ左右） ， 其催 化性能显 著优于 其它 Ｃｏ 基催 化剂． 以此代替 工业用 Ｒａｎｅｙ Ｎｉ ， 不 仅可 提高 对乙 胺的选择性 ，而且可 显著减轻 环境污 染． 通 过一系列 表征，讨 论了乙腈 在催化 剂活性位 的吸附 模式及催化加氢 反应机 理，由此对 其催化 性能与催 化剂结 构的关系 进行了说 明．The ultrafine Co B amorphous alloy catalyst, with the particle size around 60 nm, was prepared by chemical reduction with borohydride solution. The amorphous structure of Co B was confirmed by XRD and DSC, in which the crystallization process and the thermal stability were also monitored. During the hydrogenation of acetonitrile to primary amine, the as prepared catalyst exhibited higher activity, better selectivity and longer lifetime than other Co based catalysts, such as pure Co powder and crystallized Co B alloy, even than Raney Ni catalyst. The experimental results showed that the acetonitrile hydrogenation was first order with respect to p (H 2) and zero order to c (CH 3CN). The reaction mechanism was discussed according to an assumption that two adsorption models of acetonitrile occurred on the active sites. Perhaps, the excellent catalytic performance of the Co B amorphous alloy catalyst could be attributed to B dopant and the catalyst structure. The unique structural characteristics and the electron donating effect of B in the Co B amorphous alloy might play key roles in promoting the catalytic performance.

关 键 词：非晶态合金 乙腈 加氢 乙胺 催化剂 钴硼合金 

分 类 号：TQ226.31[化学工程—有机化工] O643.36[理学—物理化学]