仙桃市建国60年来传染病疫情分析  

Epidemiologic analysis of the infectious diseases in Xiantao City,Hubei Province(1950-2009)

作　　者：王芳[1] 赵淑军[1] 刘甘露[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省仙桃市疾病预防控制中心,433000

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2010年第6期57-59,共3页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析仙桃市1950-2009年甲、乙类传染病流行趋势,为制定新时期传染病防控对策提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对仙桃市6个历史年代传染病报告发病率进行比较分析。结果仙桃市甲、乙类传染病报告发病率50年代较低,60年代急剧上升至70年代达到顶峰,80年代后迅速下降,近10年已降至建国以来最低。60年来除肠道传染病外传染病类型发生了明显变化,80年代前自然疫源及虫媒传染病为主要病种,占报告传染病总数的60.5%,而近20年仅为4.6%;呼吸道传染病80、90年代曾明显减少,但因肺结核1997年纳入乙类报告且逐年增多,近10年已占传染病总数的33.0%;血源及性传染病自1990年报告以来逐年增多,近10年已占传染病总数的44.6%。结论仙桃市80年代后甲、乙类传染病报告发病率总体呈大幅下降趋势,传染病病谱发生明显变化。当前肺结核、乙肝、淋病、梅毒、艾滋病还有甲型H1N1流感和手足口病等新发传染病呈上升态势,应积极采取相应防控措施。Objective To analyze the trend of legal infectious diseases from 1995 to 2009 in Xiantao city in order to provide evidence for establishing control strategy in the future.Methods Descriptive epidemiologic method was performed to compare the incidence of infectious diseases in the 6 decades in Xiantao city.Results It was reported that a lower incidence of class A and B infectious disease occurred in the 1950s,but during the 1960s and 1970s the incidence surged to peak,and decreased rapidly after 1980s.During the past 10 years,the incidence fell to the lowest,and it was the lowest since the founding of the PRC.The type of infectious diseases changed significantly in the past 60 years,except for the intestinal infectious disease. Before the 1980s,the natural focal diseases and vector-borne diseases were the majority,accounting for 60.5% of all the infectious diseases.However,in the recent 20 years,the percentage was only 4.6%.The incidence of respiratory diseases decreased obviously in the 1980s and 1990s,but as tuberculosis was classified as Class B infectious disease in 1997,it increased year by year,the respiratory diseases accounted for 33.0% of all the infectious diseases in the past 10 years.Blood and sexually transmitted diseases had an increasing incidence since it started to report in 1990 and accounted for 44.6% of the infectious diseases in the past 10 years.Conclusions The reported incidence of Class A and B infectious disease decreased rapidly since the 1980s.The infectious disease spectrum had a great change.The incidence of tuberculosis,hepatitis B,gonorrhea,syphilis,AIDS and influenza and HFMD H1N1 had an upward trend,therefore,effective preventive measures should be taken.

关 键 词：传染病 流行趋势 防控对策 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]