神东煤田扰动地面与原地面产流产沙及水动力学参数对比  

Comparison of runoff generation,sediment yield and hydrodynamic parameters on the undisturbed and the disturbed land surface in the Shenfu-Dongsheng coalfield

作　　者：王贞[1] 王文龙[1,2] 金剑[3] 罗婷[2] 王浩 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室 [2]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100 [3]黄委会西峰水土保持科学试验站,甘肃庆阳745000 [4]福建农林大学科研处,福州350002

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2010年第6期69-74,共6页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"煤矿开发建设中人为侵蚀机理及新增水土流失预报模型--以神府东胜煤田为例"(40771127);西北农林科技大学优秀博士启动基金及黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验专项(1050Z-Z3-5)

摘　　要：煤矿开发建设活动破坏了原地表植被和土壤结构,形成的人为扰动地面水土流失剧烈。采用野外放水冲刷试验,研究神府东胜煤田原地面与扰动地面产流、产沙以及水动力学参数的变化规律。结果表明：扰动地面产流时间小于原地面,产流强度是原地面的1~2倍;扰动地面的初始含沙量是原地面的10~30倍,产沙强度是原地面的10~50倍;扰动地面的雷诺数和阻力系数均大于原地面,弗劳德数差异不显著;不同坡度、不同流量2种处理类型的产沙强度与产流强度呈指数函数关系,产沙强度和雷诺数呈幂函数关系,产流强度和雷诺数呈幂函数关系。研究结果对矿区扰动地面水土保持生态环境建设具有重要的参考意义。The disturbed land of the exploitation in the shenfu-dongshen coalfield destroyed the ground vegetation cover and the soil structure,caused serious soil erosion.The changing discipline of the runoff generation,sediment yield and the hydrodynamic parameters of the disturbed land have been analyzed.The result indicated： the runoff generation time of the disturbed land was less than that of the undisturbed land;the intensity of runoff yield,the initial sediment yield and the intensity of the sediment yield of the disturbed land was separately 1-2 times,10-30 times and 10-50 times more than that of the undisturbed land.The Reynolds number and the resistance coefficient of the disturbed land was more than that of the undisturbed land.There was not obviously different in the Froude number.Experienced equations were simulated by the relationships between the runoff generation,sediment yield and hydrodynamic parameters.Some important references are proved for the exploitation and management of the coal fields.

关 键 词：原地面 扰动地面 产流 产沙 水动力学参数 神府东胜煤田 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]