黄海中南部主要鱼种的生态位分析  

Analysis of ecological niche for major fish species in the central and southern Yellow Sea

作　　者：于振海[1,2] 金显仕[1] 李显森[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071 [2]上海海洋大学海洋学院,201306

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2010年第6期1-8,共8页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2006CB400608);国家自然科学基金项目(30371104);农业部渔业资源监测调查项目共同资助

摘　　要：根据2006年黄海中南部4个季度月(1、4、8、10月)的渔业资源调查资料,运用定性、定量的方法分析了黄海中南部鱼类群落的种类组成、时空生态位宽度、时空生态位重叠以及优势种的季节变化,以期对该海域主要鱼种的生态位特征进行分析。结果表明,4个航次总共有鱼类57种,其中冬季39种,春季42种,夏季31种,秋季40种。4个航次共有相同鱼种22种,隶属于14科20属。时空生态位宽度值大于1的10个鱼种从大到小依次为黄鱼安鱼康Lophius litulon、小黄鱼Pseudosciaenapolyactis、银鲳Pampus argenteus、七星底灯鱼Benthosema pterotum、小带鱼Trichiurus muticus、虻鲉Erisphex pottii、细纹狮子鱼Liparis tanakae、星康吉鳗Conger myriaster、白姑鱼Argyrosomusargentatus、带鱼Trichiurus haumela。这10种主要鱼类的生物量变动在黄海中南部受季节变化的影响是递增的。细纹狮子鱼与星康吉鳗的时空生态位重叠值最大,小带鱼与星康吉鳗的时空生态位重叠值最小。生态位宽度与相对重要性指数(IRI)相比,时空生态位宽度值最大的是黄鱼安鱼康,而IRI值最大的是鳀鱼,通过二者计算所得到主要鱼种在群落中的重要性排序不同。作者认为,生态位宽度与相对重要性指数(IRI)相比,能够更加全面的反映鱼类生物量在不同时间和空间尺度上的均匀度和变化情况。Based on the data of major fish species collected in the central and southern Yellow Sea in 2006,the fish community composition,spatio-temporal niche width,spatio-temporal niche overlap and the index of relative importance（IRI）were analyzed by qualitative and quantitative methods.Results showed that there were 57 species in total in the four seasons,of which 39,42,31 and 40 species were caught in winter,spring,summer,and autumn,respectively.There were 22 common species for each season,belonging to 14 families and 20 genera.The ranking of 10 species by spatio-temporal niche width that was higher than one in a descending order was Lophius litulon,Pseudosciaena polyactis,Pampus argenteus,Benthosema pterotum,Trichiurus muticus,Erisphex pottii,Liparis tanakae,Conger myriaster,Argyrosomus argentatus,and Trichiurus haumela.The seasonal change in biomass of the 10 species in the central and southern Yellow Sea was in an increase order.The spatio-temporal niche overlap value was the highest between L.tanakae and C.myriaster,and the lowest between T.muticus and C.myriaster.L.litulon was found to have the maximum value of spatio-temporal niche width,whereas Engraulis japonicus had the maximum value of IRI.Therefore,the importance ranking of major species in the community was different.Compared to the IRI,the spatio-temporal niche width can reflect the evenness of fish biomass at different time and space and reflect the change of fish community in more detail.

关 键 词：黄海中南部 时空生态位宽度 时空生态位重叠 相对重要性指数(IRI) 

分 类 号：S931.5[农业科学—渔业资源]