单叶细辛中一个新的马兜铃酸类化合物  

A new aristolochic acid derivative from Asarum himalaicum

作　　者：谢百波[1] 尚明英[1] 王璇[1] 蔡少青[1] Kuo-hsiung LEE 

机构地区：[1]北京大学药学院天然药物与仿生药物国家重点实验室,北京100191 [2]Natural Products Research Laboratories,Eshelman School of Pharmacy,University of North Carolina,Chapel Hill,North Carolina 27599-7568,USA

出　　处：《药学学报》2011年第2期188-192,共5页Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30371748,30873466);国家十一五科技支撑项目(2006BAI14B01)

摘　　要：为了研究单叶细辛(Asarum himalaicum)的化学成分,利用溶剂提取、硅胶柱色谱、凝胶(SephadexLH-20)柱色谱和半制备型高效液相色谱(semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)等手段进行分离、纯化,从单叶细辛全草中共分离鉴定了15个化合物。其结构经1H NMR、13C NMR、HR-ESI-MS等谱学方法分别鉴定为4-去甲氧基马兜铃酸BII(4-demethoxyaristolochic acid BII,1)、马兜铃酸I(aristolochicacid I,2)、马兜铃酸Ia(aristolochic acid Ia,3)、7-羟基马兜铃酸I(7-hydroxyaristolochic acid I,4)、马兜铃酸IV(aristolochic acid IV,5)、马兜铃次酸II(aristolic acid II,6)、青木香酸(debilic acid,7)、马兜铃内酰胺I(aristololactam I,8)、9-羟基马兜铃内酰胺I(9-hydroxyaristololactam I,9)、7-甲氧基马兜铃内酰胺IV(7-methoxyaristololactam IV,10)、(2S)-柚皮素-5,7-二-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷((2S)-naringenin 5,7-di-O-β-D-pyranosylglucoside,11)、4-羟基苯甲酸(4-hydroxybenzoic acid,12)、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid,13)、4-羟基肉桂酸(4-hydroxycinnamic acid,14)和β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,15)。其中,化合物1为新化合物,化合物3～6、9、12～14为首次从细辛属植物中分离得到,所有化合物均为首次从单叶细辛中分离得到。据文献报道,马兜铃酸和马兜铃内酰胺类成分具肾毒性,本研究提示单叶细辛药用的安全问题值得关注。To study the chemical constituents of Asarum himalaicum,fifteen compounds were isolated from a 70% ethanol extract by using a combination of various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography over silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,and semi-preparative HPLC.By spectroscopic techniques including 1H NMR,13C NMR,and HR-ESI-MS,these compounds were identified as 4-demethoxyaristolochic acid BII（1）,aristolochic acid I（2）,aristolochic acid Ia（3）,7-hydroxyaristolochic acid I（4）,aristolochic acid IV（5）,aristolic acid II（6）,debilic acid（7）,aristololactam I（8）,9-hydroxyaristololactam I（9）,7-methoxyaristololactam IV（10）,（2S）-narigenin-5,7-di-O-β-D-pyranosylglucoside（11）,4-hydroxybenzoic acid（12）,3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid（13）,4-hydroxycinnamic acid（14）,and β-sitosterol（15）.All of these compounds（1-15） were obtained from A.himalaicum for the first time.Among them,1 was identified as a new compound,and compounds 3-6,9,12-14 were isolated from Asarum genus for the first time.Since the kidney toxicity of aristolochic acids and aristololactams has been reported,the result of this investigation suggests that it should be cautioned to use A.himalaicum as a medicine.

关 键 词：单叶细辛 4-去甲氧基马兜铃酸BII 马兜铃酸 马兜铃内酰胺 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学]