Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses of mammal bone fossils from the Zhongba site in the Three Gorges Reservoir region of the Yangtze River,China  

作　　者：TIAN XiaoSi ZHU Cheng SUN ZhiBin SHUI Tao HUANG YunPing FLAD Rowan Kimon LI YuMei 

机构地区：[1]The Department of History of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China [2]Department of Tourism of Chizhou College, Chizhou 247100, China [3]School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China [4]Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Chengdu 610041, China [5]Faculty of Archaeology and Museology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China [6]Department of Anthropology, Peabody Museum, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA [7]Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

出　　处：《Chinese Science Bulletin》2011年第2期169-178,共10页

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(40971115);the University Doctoral Foundation(20090091110036);the Open Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology from the Institute of Earth Environment,CAS (SKLLQG0817);the Test Foundation of Modern Analyses Center of Nanjing University(0209001309);the Foundation of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(2010BAK67B02)

摘　　要：Based on AMS 14 C dating data,carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses were conducted on mammal bone collagen of deer,cattle and pigs from the Zhongba site in the Three Gorges Reservoir region of the Yangtze River.These analyses were conducted to reconstruct palaeodiets of mammals,palaeoecology,palaeoenviroment and previous human activities in the study area.Results show that the collagen loss of bone did not change the in vivo isotopic composition of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes,and most of the bone fossils were well preserved.The bone collagen of samples from deer had a mean δ 13 C of-23.1‰ and a mean δ 15 N of 4.7‰,suggesting that deer subsisted in a closed habitat and fed on branches and leaves.The bone collagen of cattle had a mean δ 13 C of-19.6‰ and a mean δ 15 N of 5.2‰,which indicates that cattle subsisted in an open habitat and fed on grasses and stems.The δ 13 C values show that both deer and cattle fed on C 3 plants and lived in the same ecosystem,but the t-test results show that deer δ 13 C and δ 15 N values were both more negative than those of cattle,indicating that they inhabited different niches.The δ 13 C and δ 15 N values of cattle partially overlapped those of deer,suggesting some competition in diets between them.The t-tests show that the δ 13 C and δ 15 N values of pigs were more positive than those of cattle and deer,which signifies that pigs occupied a higher trophic level compared to cattle and deer.The wide range of pig δ 13 C values demonstrates that pig trading had been taking place from early Neolithic Age to late Bronze Age.There were no significant differences in deer δ 13 C and δ 15 N values among different archaeological periods,making it clear that climatic,ecological and environmental conditions were kept relatively stable from 2200 to 4200 a BP.This stability may have been responsible for the extensive and complete cultural layers at the Zhongba site.The minimum number of samples required to estimate the mean δ 13 C values of deer,pigs and cattle are 8Based on AMS ^14C dating data, carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses were conducted on mammal bone collagen of deer, cattle and pigs from the Zhongba site in the Three Gorges Reservoir region of the Yangtze River. These analyses were conducted to reconstruct palaeodiets of mammals, palaeoecology, palaeoenviroment and previous human activities in the study area. Results show that the collagen loss of bone did not change the in vivo isotopic composition of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes, and most of the bone fossils were well preserved. The bone collagen of samples from deer had a mean δ^13C of -23.1%o and a mean ^δ15N of 4.7%, suggesting that deer subsisted in a closed habitat and fed on branches and leaves. The bone collagen of cattle had a mean δ^13C of -19.6%o and a mean δ^15N of 5.2‰, which indicates that cattle subsisted in an open habitat and fed on grasses and stems. The δ^13C values show that both deer and cattle fed on C3 plants and lived in the same ecosystem, but the t-test results show that deer δ^13C and δ^15N values were both more negative than those of cattle, indicating that they inhabited different niches. The δ^13C and δ^15N values of cattle partially overlapped those of deer, suggesting some competition in diets between them. The t-tests show that the δ^13C and δ^15N values of pigs were more positive than those of cattle and deer, which signifies that pigs occupied a higher trophic level compared to cattle and deer. The wide range of pig δ^13C values demonstrates that pig trading had been taking place from early Neolithic Age to late Bronze Age. There were no significant differences in deer δ^13C and δ^15N values among different archaeological periods, making it clear that climatic, ecological and environmental conditions were kept relatively stable from 2200 to 4200 a BP. This stability may have been responsible for the extensive and complete cultural layers at the Zhongba site. The minimum number of samples required to estimate the mean δ^13C values of deer, pigs and cattl

关 键 词：碳稳定同位素 长江中下游地区 中坝遗址 哺乳动物 三峡库区 动物骨骼化石 中国地区 氮 

分 类 号：Q959.8[生物学—动物学] P597.2[天文地球—地球化学]