2009年中俄边境黑龙江四口岸啮齿动物及其感染病原调查研究  

The Ectoparasite and Possible Pathogens of Rodent Infections at Four Ports in Heilongjiang Province along the Sino-Russia Boundary

作　　者：张晓龙[1] 赵婷婷[1] 魏莲[1] 胡孔新[1] 孙肖红[1] 李明 郭晓明 杨军 李永久 王静[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国检验检疫科学研究院,北京100123 [2]黑龙江出入境检验检疫局,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2010年第6期387-390,共4页Chinese Journal of Frontier Health and Quarantine

基　　金：科技部国际合作项目(200604164200);财政部质检公益项目(2007GYJ025)

摘　　要：〔目的〕调查黑龙江中俄边境口岸地区啮齿动物及其体表寄生虫的种类、构成和携带病原体的情况。〔方法〕2009年6-7月在黑龙江省黑河、逊克、抚远和饶河口岸地区,以夹夜法捕鼠,梳刷法采集鼠体表寄生虫,取鼠血、肺、肝和肾脏组织。鼠肺提取RNA,用RT-PCR方法扩增汉坦病毒核酸;从鼠肝和肾脏中提取DNA,用PCR方法分别扩增鼠疫耶尔森菌、土拉弗兰西斯菌、斑疹伤寒立克次体和钩端螺旋体核酸;利用间接血凝法、ELISA、免疫层析方法从鼠血中检测5种病原的特异性抗体。〔结果〕在黑龙江边境4个口岸地区共捕获啮齿动物10种,163只;捡蚤63匹、螨44只,染蚤率为7.36%,蚤指数为0.39;获得肝、肺和肾脏组织及血液有效样本161份,检出汉坦病毒血清学阳性3份,PCR扩增阳性结果1份;钩端螺旋体血清学阳性2份。鼠疫菌、斑疹伤寒立克次体和土拉菌的血清学和分子生物学检测结果均为阴性。〔结论〕中俄边境地区鼠类可能感染汉坦病毒和钩端螺旋体,有针对性地加强当地鼠类和鼠传疾病的监测。Objective To investigate the rodent species,the ectoparasite and possible pathogens ofrodent infections in Heilongjiang Province along the Sino-Russia boundary.Method Mice were taught by night trapping and the parasitic fleas were collected by combs at the ports of Heihe,Xunke,Fuyuan and Raohe.The rat lung,blood,liver and kidney specimens were obtained by dissection in laboratory.Total RNA was extracted from rat lung.Hantaan virus nucleotide acid was amplified by RT-PCR,Genes DNA was extracted from rat liver,and kidney.Yersinia pestis,Francisella tularensis,Rickettsiasutsugamushi and Leptospira interrogans nucleotide acid were amplified by PCR,respectively.The indirect hemagglutination assay,ELISA and the immunochromatography method were used to detect specific antibodies of the five pathogens.Result A total of 163 rodent animals of 10 species categories were caught at 4 ports of Heilongjiang frontier（Heihe,Xunke,Fuyuan,Raohe）,Of which,63 fleas and 44 gamasid mites was collected,the catching flea rate was 7.36% and index was 0.39.A total of 161 samples of the liver,lung Kidney tissue and blood were obtained.While,3 samples were found positive of Hantaan virus infection,one sample was found positive results of PCR amplification,and 2 were positive for Leptospira interrogans samples.No positive samples were detected Yersinia Pestis,Rickettsiaexanthematotyphi and Francisella tularensis by using serological and molecular biological methods.Conclusion Hantaan virus and Leptospira interrogans might be carried by rats in the Sino-Russia boundary in Heilongjiang frontier regions.It is necessary to strengthen rodent-borne diseases surveillance in this region.

关 键 词：啮齿动物 蚤 染蚤指数 鼠传疾病 汉坦病毒 钩端螺旋体 

分 类 号：R184.35[医药卫生—流行病学]