黄铜矿低温氯化-选择性氧化提取铜过程  

Extraction Process of Copper from Chalcopyrite Concentrate by Low-temperature Chlorination-Selective Oxidation

作　　者：付念新[1] 岩崎崴 玉川建雄[3] 小林斡男[3] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学材料与冶金学院,辽宁沈阳110004 [2]Natural Resources Research Institute,University of Minnesota,Coleraine,MN 55722,USA [3]日本产业技术综合研究所环境管理技术研究部门,日本茨城筑波市305-8569

出　　处：《过程工程学报》2010年第6期1138-1142,共5页The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering

基　　金：日本新能源产业技术综合开发机构(NEDO)产业技术研究开发促进事业基金资助项目(编号:8G-030-1)

摘　　要：对流化床中黄铜矿精矿低温氯化和选择性氧化提取铜过程进行了研究.采用二段氯化,使下段排气中残氯和产物S2Cl2在上段中消耗于精矿的氯化,温度分别控制在270和250℃左右,且下段排气残氯浓度不超过0.015%,得到充分氯化的低硫产物.增设一个反应器,仅用氮气对氯化产物热处理,其硫含量进一步降低.低硫氯化产物在350～360℃能平稳进行氧化反应,放出的Cl2在上部反应器中用于精矿的氯化而脱除.稀盐酸对氧化产物浸取有效,pH值在0.30～1.86范围,Cu接近全溶,Fe浸出率不超过5%.浸出液中Cu,Fe和SO42-浓度随固液比提高呈线性增加,固液比为0.5g/mL时,Cu浓度超过115g/L,而Fe/Cu含量比低于0.03,SO42-浓度也很低,满足铜电积操作要求.同时研究了精矿所含微量贵金属和少量杂质随处理过程的变化.Extraction process of copper from chalcopyrite concentrate by low-temperature chlorination and selective oxidation in fluidized-bed reactors was studied. The exhaust chlorine and S2Cl2 from the lower reactor are expended for chlorinating the concentrate in the upper one in the two-stage chlorination. The full-chlorinated products with lower sulfur contents are obtained at about 250 and 270℃ for the upper reactor and the lower one,respectively,and within 0.015% of Cl2 concentration in the effluent gases of the lower one. The chlorinated products are thermally cured only under a nitrogen atmosphere in a supplemental reactor,thus their sulfur contents are further reduced. The chlorinated products with lower sulfur contents can be oxidized at 350～360℃ in a stable fluidizing operation. The exhaust chlorine from the oxidation can be removed by chlorinating the concentrate with it in an upper reactor. The dilute hydrochloric acid is effective for leaching the oxidized products. In the range of pH 0.30～1.86 of the leaching solution,Cu is fully solubilized,while Fe dissolution is held to less than 5%. The concentration of Cu,Fe and SO42-in the solution increases linearly with the solid to liquid ratio. When the solid to liquid ratio reaches 0.5 g/mL,the Cu concentration reaches in excess of 115 g/L,while the Fe/Cu ratio remains below 0.03 and the SO42-concentration is also very low. This can meet the requirement of the Cu electrowinning step. The changes of the precious metals and minor impurities contained in the concentrate with the process were also briefly investigated.

关 键 词：黄铜矿 低温氯化 热处置 选择性氧化 流化床 铜浸取 

分 类 号：TF111.19[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]