磷肥形态和施用方式对石灰性土壤磷有效性和移动性的影响  

A Comparison of Mobility and Availability of Different Sources Phosphorus Fertilizer in Calcareous Soils under Simulation Conditions

作　　者：叶壮[1] 褚贵新[1] 胡云才[2] 谭崇文[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室/石河子大学农学院农业资源与环境系,石河子832003 [2]德国慕尼黑工业大学植物营养研究所,慕尼黑d85350

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第6期674-679,共6页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：教育部"春晖计划"项目(z2005-2-83003);新疆兵团农业科技攻关项目(04GG03)

摘　　要：采用同心圆扩散试验,通过模拟滴灌与不同施肥方式对液体磷肥与固体磷肥在3种不同质地石灰性土壤中的有效性与移动性进行对比研究。结果表明:液体磷肥在距施肥点7.5～43mm区域内的Olsen-P含量高于固体肥料;随着水分的加入,固、液态磷肥大部分停留在距施肥点7.5～25.5mm的土层(固肥占35%～50%;液肥占40%～60%);距施肥点13.5～25.5mm区域内,固、液态磷肥一次性施用比其分次施用的Olsen-P含量高;施用肥料能够降低土壤pH值,但仅能影响与肥料毗邻的土壤(0～7.5mm层),对离施肥点较远的土壤影响不显著。滴灌条件下,液态磷源在石灰性土壤中的有效性和移动性高于固态磷源;固、液态磷源一次性施用比其分次施用更能提高磷肥的有效性与移动性。Phosphorus fixation in a calcareous soil is a major factor in limiting the mobility and availability of P fertilizer.This paper applied different fertigation and employed Petri dish to investigate the differences between granular and fluid form of P fertilizers placed in three kinds of calcareous soil.The results indicated that Olsen-P of fluid fertilizer in 7.5～43 mm sections were higher than granular fertilizer.A majority of fertiliser P remained within 7.5～25.5 mm section（granule：35%～50%;fluid：40%～60%）.In 13.5～25.5 mm section,the content of Olsen-P in the treatment of all phosphorus fertilizer applied one time were higher than the treatment of all phosphorus fertilizer applied four times.Significant decrease in soil pH caused by different fertilizers and different application methods were obtained only in soil section of 0～7.5 mm where fertilizer was applied（P0.05）.When applying different forms of P fertilizers to the calcareous soils by fertigation,fluid fertilizer can provide a greater diffusion,availability compared with granular fertilizers.

关 键 词：石灰性土壤 不同磷源 施肥方式 磷的移动性 

分 类 号：S143[农业科学—肥料学]